PROGNATHOUS SKULLS— PAPUAS. 299
one Side to that on the opposite side is greater. The vertical
diameter is nearly s im i l a r t h a t which is common to the
heads of Alfourous and Europeans,
The skull' of the Alfourous approaches nearer to that of the
African Negroes, that is to; say, the Mozambiqu.es, The
differences which wë observed are, 1st. A flattening of "the
lateral partition of the cranian arch, a position which causes
a projection shelving on both- sides at the summit of the
arch *'2-. Themccipito-frontal diameter is a little more-»elongated
in the'former : -The: shape of the face is rathep-less
oblique^than. that of Mozambiqwe, in such a manner that the
facial angle is more openlik the heads o f Alfourous, whence it
results, that the-nasal bridg&Us more vertical. The nostrils
are hot qui$e' so* large. If we examine the balls* we find that
they are" less projecting j among the Alfourous than the Moi-
zambiqh&i: but this- projection is more considerable than in
the Papua and the' European, which* is owing to the depth of
the ihfra-otbitary fbsSm. The jaws of the Alfourous although
less prominent- than those of the Mosambique, are much
more so in comparison with those of the Papua and the European.
The heads ©fethe Alfourous are intermediate in their
form,lilt ween the skulls df the New Zealanders, and
those of the Mozambique Negroes. Like the latter the two
jaws are so much elongated, that they may be compared to
the fads o f an orang. The lower jaw o f the Alfoürous has the
same developement with that «of the Mozambique, but it is
narrower than th a t of the Papua. All three being compared
to the lower jaw of the European, they differ from it in the
form df the bone in the basis or lower edge, and lastly in
the symphysis. The anterior part k f the body of the bone,
instead of being inclined backwards, as in the European and
New Zealander, is cut perpendicularly, which contributes in
causing the arches of the teeth to project more. The basis
of the jaw is more rounded, and is raised a little forwards in
the Alfourous, Mosambique, Papua, and even the New Zealander.
The bend is always less apparent among the Papuas.
Placed upon a horizontal plane, the lower edges of the jaws
do not touch in all places, as is the case in the European.