N a tu r e an d
e ffed t o f a
c o n t r a f t o f
Mazvalat.
not to the grand-children, becaufe the Willa defcends to the neareft.
This is recorded from feveral of the companions; and among the reft
from Amroo, Alee, and Ibn Mafdood.
S E C T I O N .
Of the W i l l a M a w a l A t , or W i l l a of M u t u a l A m i t y .
T he cafe of Willa Mawaldt is where (for inftance) a ftranger *
fays to the perfon whofe profelyte he is -j-, or to any other perfon,
“ I enter into a contrail of Mawalat with you, fo that if I die my
“ property (hall go to you, or if (on the other hand) I commit an
“ offence, the fine is upon you or your Akila," and the perfon thus
addrefled aflents accordingly,— in confequence of which he becomes
the Maw/a of the ftranger, and upon his deceafe without heirs inherits
his property.— T h e ftranger is termed the Mawla Afal\, and the
perfon who thus accedes to the contrail the Mawla Aaila §.—Shafei
maintains that a contrail of Mawaldt does not occafion inheritance in
any refpeil, and is o f no force whatever, • as it tends to annul the * §
* A r a b , Ajim ee. T h i s t e rm ( a s h a s b e e n a l r e a d y r em a r k e d ) f ig n i f ie s , g e n e r a l l y , any
p e r f o n n o t a n Arab. I t i s a l f o u f e d in th e fam e f e n f e a m o n g th e Arabs a s Barbarian w ith
th e G reets, o r Gentile am o n g th e Jew s. T h e c a f e h e r e f t a t e d a p p l ie s t o a n y in f id e l a lien
c o m in g in t o a Mujfulman t e r r i t o r y u n d e r p r o t e c t io n , an d th e r e em b r a c in g th e f a i th , in w h ic h
c a f e i t w a s c u f t o m a r y f o r f o m e Mujfulman t o a d o p t h im a s h i s p r o f e l y t e .
t L i t e r a l l y , “ in w h o f e h a n d s h e h a s em b r a c e d th e f a i t h . ”
J L i t e r a l l y , “ the inferior M a w la f o r th e client.
§ L i t e r a l l y , a the fuperior M awla, ” o r th e patron.
right
right of the.- public treafury * whence the invalidity of it with re-
fp e a to an y o therheu-^forifit were valid with refpe* to fuch, his
tight o f heritage would be annulled ;_and on this ground alfo it is'
t t e t (according to a man’s bequeft of his whole property is I
valid although the teftator be deftitute of heirs; for ftill (according to
Him) fuch bequeft holds good to the amount only of a third o fh is
property, fince i f it were effectual to theamount o f the whole the
right of the public treafury would be annulled f . - T h e a rg um e n t^
our do*ors upon this point are twofoid.— F ir s t , Gonhasfaid in he
■ I ■ ■ T° ■ ■ H INTO M
■ ■ . .■urn ic is■ alio re■ corded mthat them prophemt, uponm b e in o -
queftioned concernmg a certain perfon who had become the profelyte
B f a W M Mawaldt with that other,
‘ SJuuppereinoor rttoo aalll al olbterst ,f blotBh durHing lifIe a Hnd in Hdeath f reS—a,rfdro ^m thwahti bmha nit,
may be inferred that during his profelyte’s life he is f u b j e Z finet n
his account,., and upon, his deceafe is his. h e i r .-S E C o N m v T T p r o
7 / m m is i perf°n’s m when°e he i m i t0
make.ufe of ,t m any manner he pleafes: for the property would fall to
ttoo eiittP, UnnoottC bherec au7fe t ■he p ufrb0limc 1t1r1e13a nfuercye fhfiat?s ’a nthya tr might inar eit n -oI cfla imZ ants
ever, the profelyte leave, any natural heir, fuch heir precedes the
Mawla Mawalat, notwithftanding he be of the uterine khidred ( fuch I
W B m ■ for inftance;) becaufe the two perfons M
the only parties to the contra*, whence it is not bindhm upon anv
m 1 1 H I H B is ootithd to inheritance__It Is to-be ob
ferved., that in the contra* in queftion the parties muft p l i i c u la ^
^ 3 ftrang er dies without heirs, the whole of his property goes to thepu bIic
®uft go to the pu \fc1rel7 t t t l l e v e n ™ dymg ™ th° Ut he' rS’ tU rds o ! U s Pr0Pertf
V ol. i f l M m m mention.