7 HARDWICKIA BINATA.
l i m e d will. led 1 . l lghi ly matked iviih ili.ee or font nerves ;
l e n g J , From one » ikree inohe,, >nJ . li.dc mo, , tl,.o l»lf
oi tlial in breadth.
P,lt,la round, mooili, .boui one-tourlh, or one-ilriri ilie lengili
of lire leaves,
¿Ww/c. small, cordate, caducous.
Pmkla terminal, and from the exterior axiUs, small, delicate,
slender, and smooth ill every part.
Flowirs scattered, slender, pedicelled, small.
Brcclcs minute, caducous.
C o t a none. , ,
P„„ls hve, obovate, concave, spreadinj;, .someivhai hoary on ihe
outside 1 inside yellowish ; rather longer than ll.e stamina
R i » « o i t . ten. ahernately shorter, inserted round llie base of the
germ. A l i m incumbent, ovate, » i i h an acute point between
die lobes.
C o , , oblong. Slyk ascending, ll.g»« large, peltate.
toceolate, from two to three inches long, two-valved,
striated lengthwise, opening at the apex.
S„D solitary in the apex of the legume, and there inserted, coneate,
f u r r o w e d , posterior edge thin, and semewhit meinbrani-
O l i S E R V A T I O N S .
T h i s elegant tree is found indigenous on the mountains of the
Coast of Coromiodel, where it grows to a large size, and yields
timber of an excellent quality for a variety of uses.
Some beautiful, thr iving, yo.mg trees are iu the Botanic Garden
at Calcutta, reared from seeds sent from the mountains of Loiomandcl.
by Dr. Berry of Madras.
HOPEA ODOllATA. "
Core/ one-petilled, contorted. Tule short, campaiiulate. Border
of hve, oblique, siiblinear-oMong, spreading divisions, with
their marcrins revolute, curled, and somewhat villous.
K t a o i i r ten, about as long as the tube of the cerol, and inserted
by broad, conical, Seshy bases, into its bottom i they are
alternately larger and bifid. AMer, Sfieen, iwo-lobed. with
a subulate point from the apex of each, or as in Asarum, they
may be said to adhere to the filaments below their apices.
GOT: above, ovite. Sij-fc straight, length of the stamina, »JI««
C - J r o v i e , pointed, one-eellcd, one-valved, of a tender texture,
closely inveloping a single seed, of the same shape and
s i , e • outwardly covered with the permanent calyx ; two of
the leafiets of whi c h arc now enlarged into two, llnear-oblong,
obtuse, tough, membranaceous, nervous wings, many tunes
longer than the seeds.
O B S E R V A T I O N S .
A single tree, and the only .me i have seen, grows in the
•den of Wr. Dowdeswell near Calcutta, originally from Chitt.ig.
iig, svhere it is indigenous. Flowering time the month of March,
when the air. to a considerable distance, is perfumed with the
fravrance of its blossoms. Seed ripe in May.
This tree is neariy allied to Sli^rea, as wel l as to Diptmci^rpis.
It differs from die first in having only two of the five leafiets of
the calyx increasing into wings, and from both, in having a monopetalous
corol, and only ten filaments, bearing fifteen anthers.
gai
210. HOPEA ODORAT.4.'
G E N E R I C CHARACTER.
& ( , « beneath, five-leaved : two of them increasing with tlie capsule
into wings. Corot one-petalled, contorted. Fi/aiweiiis
ten, inserted on the tube of the corol, ahernately two-cleft ;
Anlhcri fifteen. Capsule one-celled. Seed solitary.
D E S C R I P T I O N .
Trunk erect, four feet in circumference, and high in proportion,
fcirf,., numerous, spreading in every direct ion, and adorned
Wiih man, drooping, and expanding bifarion, branchlets,
covered with dart-brown smoolh bark.
L,:w„ alternate, short-petioled, bifarious, d rooping, ovate oblong,
entire, waved, smooth, shining, deep green on both sides,
on the under side there is often a pretty large, single gland
in the axill of each of the larger veins.
Stipulée none.
Po„ide, terminal, and from the exterior axills, drooping, composed
of alternate, bifarious, second, recurved, villous, ramifications,
of numerous, small, pale yellow, delightfully fragram
Bowers.
Braelee cordate, acute, villous, eadueous.
C o i o beneath, five-leaved : i « > b une<iual, ovate, villous, perman
e n t : the two largest increasing into two large, oblong,
obtuse membranaceous wings, by the time the capsule is full
grown.
. H. , . . or I ,™. . . i. ™ r.r.„.a m n . 6.™. oI S , . p l .m. Li™.
nlinl. edit. Willdcnovv, 3. !•. M3C.
. Stigiua
211. CARALLI,4 LUCIDA.
C a r a l l i e o f t h e T e l i n g a s .
G E N E R I C CHARACTER.
Catj,, sLx or seven-cleft, superior. Petul, six or s
three-lobed. Berry one-celled, one seeded.
D E S C R I P T I O N ,
opposite, short-petioled. oval, pointed, serrulate, smooth,
shining on bot h sides, from four to five inches long, and two
or two and a lialf broad.
S / M e e Intrafoliaccous. acute.
Chiettet, axillary, small, rigid, fesv-Sowered, generally three-eleft.
above, six or .even-parted, permanent t divisions acute.
Pelo/j six or seven, orbicular, scalloped, waved, nr.serted into the
divisions of the calyx by short claws.
K t a m i s twelve or fourteen, length of the corol, inserted into the
calyx. Jntteers oblong, erect.
G,r„ beneath, globular. Sljile length of the filaments. St.grm
ihree-lobed.
Berry globular, smooth, pulpy, size of a large pea, onc-celled,
crowned with the very entire calyx.
Seed one, mrely two, renilbrm.
O B S E R V A T I O N S .
A small handsome evei-greon tree, a native of the lower region
of the Circar mountains. Flowering time March and April.
212. SHOREA ROBUSTA.'
G^rln. eem. S ./>. ^%.tab. 186.
Salu the Sanscrit name, and Saul of the Hindoos and Bengalese.
G E N E R I C CHARACTER.
Calyx 5-leaved, imbricate, permanent , and enlarging into five lonj
wings, round the capsule. Corot 5- iietalled. Capsule above
one-cell'd. one-valved, one-seeded.
D E S C R I P T I O N .
trunk, sraight. of great thickness and height in full grown trees
beams being sometimes brought down 24 inches square, an
thirty, or more, feet in lengdl.
Leuvee alternate, short-petioled, cordate-oblong, entire, smootk
firm, pale-greenish colour, with many simiile, parallel, ncari
213. DII'TEROCARPUS TURBINATUS.
Go;rtu. ¡em. 3. p. 5 1. tat,. 188.
opposite veins, from 4 to 8
Stijmlex caducous, doited wiih mini
Paniclcs icrminal, and from tlie <
s, downy.
lidies
te glands,'
xills, spreading, very
FIOZVCTS numerous, pretty large, pale yellow.
small, caducous.
Calyx beneath, five-leaved : leaflets unequal, dowi
permanent, and enlarging into five long
i n g with iheir base the pcricarp.
Petals five, obliquely ovate-lanceolate, 3 or 4 t
the calyx ; margins towards the apex rcvol
side somewhat sericeous.
FUamtnlshom ihto 30, longer than the calyx, ii
base of tlie germ; lower half broad and
Anthers two-lobed, gaping round the
bristle between the openings.
Germ, conical, %/ e awl-shaped, permanent
Capsule ovate, pointed, one-ccll'd, of a tendc
ipex,
\vicli soft, grey down, and enveloped by tin
of ihe calyx, each of them being now funii
^vedge-shaped, reticulated, membranaceous
¿ W solitary (rarely two), of the shape, and size
•on the outside,
ings, surroundnes
longer tliau
le ; on the outerted
round the
nembranaceons.
with a inimitc
•a smallmajestic
IS of Im
OBSERVATION'S,
•ee is a native of the si
; Calcutta is supplied wi
y f romMoiung; /lo- ie ho
imiis thcreaft
The wooil of this tree is in very general use ne
beams, rafters, and various other economical uses;
form light brown colour, close grained, and heavy ; ai
il docs not appear to be very durable, and on that a
inferior to Teak ; for in strength it certainly surpas)
ably, and appears to nic to deserve the second plac
India limber irces. Teak being the first. This as
other spccics of the same genus, yields hirge quanti
sill, commonly called Dammer in India, and very g
e for pitch in ihc Mari
also frequently used, in..tcad of tlie c
the temples of the Hindoos.
I n ihe plate, the dissccted ilowci
natural size,
Ciiiirra; of Bengal, kc.
yard. The best pie
nmon incense, (Benzoin,) ir
s magnified; the fruit of it:
k Lord Tcigmiioulli, bl« Governo
Tiliah-gurjeon of the Hindoos, in Tipperah and Chittagonj
: CHARACTER,
n m a n e n t ; two of the five di
•iih tlic pcricarp, inio two very large
GKNERIC CHARACTER.Ca/^i beneath, one-leaved, permanent;div
of its border gro '
membranaceous wings. Corol five-petal led. Capsule <
one-cell'd, onc-seedcd.
; enlarged leafi.
shed wi t h a lor
wing.
j f t h e capsule,
of the northern
le timber thereof,
ason, seed ripe in
Bengal, foi
ant greatly
I considero
f i h e 1
rally use
D E S C R I P T I O N .
Trunk straight throughout to the very top of the tree, and grov\ ing
to an immense size ; even so large as to be made inio canoes
ihat will carry one hundred men. Bark pretty smnoih.
.ßr««c/i«ascending:irimc/(/i/jaliernate.bifarious, round, smooth.
Leaves aliernate, shor t -pet iord. bifarious, ovaie-ublong, some entire,
some waved, and even some are serrate ; both sides smooth,
deep shining green; veins many, straight, simple, and
parallel; from four to twelve inches long.
Stipules w'wXnn the leaves, large, sword-shaped, downy, caducous.
SpUcs subaxillary, solitary, shorter than the leaves, smoolh.
Flowers solitary, remote, alternate, large.
Calyx beneath, one-leaved. Tube rather gibbous, .ß^r^ir five-parted,
irregular ; two of the divisions being very much larger ihaii
the other three ; these two continually increasing, until the
seed is ripe.
Pelals five, narrow, obliquely wedge-s?iaped, smooth on both sides
and entire, exccpt that sometimes they are emarginate.
FUammU about thirty, short, in.serted round the base of the germ.
Anthers cnsiform, ending in long, tapering, acute points,
Gmw. above, ovace. % / c erect, length of ilic stamina. Sliffna perforated.
Capsule ovate, pointed, onc-celled, one-valved, of a lender consistence,
covcred with short, sofi, hairy down, and enveloped
in the enlarged Calvx ; the two larger divisions of its border
arc now, two very large, linear oblong wings, beautifully
reticulated with veins and nerves.
Seed solitary, shape of the capsule ; from its apex tiie embryo oF
the future plant issues,
OBSERVATIONS,
This immense tree is a native of Chittagong, Tipperah, Pegu,
and other countries to the eastward of Bengal. Flowering time the
beginning of the hot season ; seed ripe in J u n e and July,
T h i s tree is famous over the eastern parts of India, and ihe
Malay Islands, on account of its yielding a thin, liquid balsam,
commonly called Wood-oil; which is muc h used for paint ing ships
and hotises in India.
T o procurc ihe balsam, a large notch is cut into the trunk ofthe
tree, near the earth; say about thirty inches from the ground,
where a fire is kept up until the wound is charr'cl, soon after
which the liquid begins to ooze out. A small gutter is cut in the
wood, to conduct the fluid into a vessel placed to reccive it.
The average produce of the best trees, during the season, is
said to be sometimes as high as forty gallons. It is found necessary
every three or four weeks, to cut off the old charr'd surface, and
burn it afresh ; and in large, healthy trees, abounding in balsam,
they even cut a second notch, in some other part of the tree, and