1(56. STILAGO DIANDRA..
ralla-goomodoo of llie Tellngas.
Leaves alteniate, short-petioled, iieail}' two-faced, oval, entire,
smooth, from two to four inches long, and from one to two
broad.
Slifmhs lanced.
Spikes til read-form, terminal, many-Jlower'd. Bracks minute, one-
How er'd.
Flowers very small, approximated,
Pcrinntli he\osv, cup-form, obtusely four-tooth'd.
Carol none.
FilnmeiUs two, four times longer than the calyx,
Anthers twin, singly oval.
Cal^x below, closely embracing three-fourths of the germ, four-or
Jive-tooth'd.
Corel none.
J^eclmy: a yellow, fleshy ring, surrounding the base of the germ.
Gcr?« above, obliquely egg'd. Slyks two, spreading; one of them
always two-cleft. Stigmas simple.
Drupe minute, succulent, one-eell'd. Mil one-cellcd, very small.
A large tree ; a native of the mountainous parts of the Circars ;
flowers in June.
The berries, when ripe, are eaten by the natives. The wood serve
167. ANTIDESMA PUBESCENS.
Follarle of the Telingas,
Leaves alternate, sliort-petioled, two-faced, oval, entire, downy,
from two to four inclies long, and from one to two broad.
StipJiles awl'd, downy.
Spikes numerous, terminal, and from the exterior axills, downy;
those of the male tree much longer and more slender. Bractes
laii
Flotue, ery iiall, grcer h-yellow.
Perianth five-leav'd : leaflets egg'd, hairy.
Filaments five, spreading, longer than the calyx. Anthers double.
No other rudiment of a pistil, than a tuft of wool.
Calyx as in the male.
Coral none.
Xectary: a yellow fleshy ring surrounding the base of the
germ!
Gin« above, obliqiielyoblong,hairy. two,short,spreading,
one two-cleft. Stigmas simple.
Drupe as in Stilago diandra.
This also is a large tree, a native of the same places with Stilago
diandra, and flowers at the same time. They are much alike in
their general habit and characters; and the berries, likewise, are
eaten by the natives.
168. ROTTLERA TINCTORIA."
Wassunta-gunda of the Telingas.
A middle sized, ranious tree, with an erect trunk.
ZfiiL^fJ alternate, petioled, oblong, pointed, intire, three-nerved,
above pretty smooth, below downy; from four to eight inches
long, and from t;vo to four broad. PetioleTouwd, downy, from
one CO three inches long. Glands two brown, on the upper side
of the base of the leaf.
Racemes axillary and terminal, those of the axills single and simple;
the terminal compound, panicle-like.
Flowers scattered, single, small. •
Calyx tr
Carol 11
e two-cleft : leaflets egg'd, reflected.
Filammls between thirty and forty, inserted into the undivided base
of the calyx. Anthers linear, fork'd at each end.
Calyx below, three-four-or live-tooth'd, generally four.
Corol none.
Germ above, egg'd, covered with red powder. Styles three, reflected,
feathery. 5//|7>i<is small.
Capsule roundish, three-furrow'd, (hree-cell'd, three-valved, size
of a small cherry, covered with much red powder.
Seed solitary, globular.
It is a native of the inland mountainous parts of the Circars; I
never found it any where else. Flowers during the cold season. '
The red powder, which covers the capsules^ is a noted dying
drug, especially among the Moors, and constitutes a considerable
branch of commerce from the mountainous parts of the Circai's.
It is chiefly purchased by the merchants trading to Hydrabad, and
other interior parts of the Peninsula.
When the capsules are ripe, or full grown, in February and
March, ihey are gathered, the red powder is carefully brushed
off, and collected for sale ; no sort of preparation being necessary to
preserve it.
This substance like Annotto, is difficultly acted on by water; it
communicates no particular taste, either by infusion or decoction,
and only a pale straw-colour, which acids scarce alter, but alkaliesbrighten
and deepen. To spirits it very readily gives a rich, deep,
flame-coloured orange, inclining to red. Alkaline salts enable
water to extract a very deep blood-red, which, on agitation, produces
an orange-coloured froth, and tinges the sides of the vial.
Neither spirits nor alkaline solutions dissolve it, for the distinct
minute grains of the powder are seen adhering, in their original
state, to the sides of the vial, when shaken, but are no.w of a bright
gold or orange-colour, about the size of very minute grains of sand:
in this it differs widely from Annotto, which is soluble in both these
menstruums. Alum added to the alkalized infusion, or decoction
renders the colour brighter and more permanent; tartar .(to appearance)
in a great measure destroys it; yet the mixture died
white silk of a very beautiful colour, if possible, superior to any
other I have tried. >
This red powder dies silk a deep, bright, durable orange, or
flame-colour of very great beauty. The Hindoo silk-diers usc tlie
following method: ' . . >
Four parts of Wassunta-gunda, one of powdered alum, two
of salt of soda (native Barilla) which is sold in the Bazars are
• Il difTcit from
I Baud. I Hcjt.p. 5,
M, WUtdrmiw in CSUmg. Jonrmt dcr Kalnrwincmcluifl.
cc disliacl sCyUs.
31 ROTTLERA TINCTORIA CLUYTIA PATÜLA.
rubbed well together with a very small proportion of oil of sesainuni,
so little as hardly to be perceptible when well mixed, the
whole is put into boiling water, proportionate to the silk to be dyed,
and kept boiling smartly more or less time, according to the shade
required, but turning the silk frequently, to render the colour
uniform.
169. CLUYTIA COLLINA.
Cadeshew of the Telingas.
iwwi alternate, short-petioled, two-faced; the smal
the lareer inverse-egg'd ; intire, smooth, shir
bundles in the axills,
spikes,
Brades small, numerous, chaffy, surrounding the
flowers.
small axillary interrupted
of the
Calyx as in Cluytia collina.
Pclals five, orbicular, crenulated, inserted by claws much smaller
than the calyx.
Nectary and Stamen as in Cluytia collina.
Calyx and Corol as in the male.
J^eclary cup-form, embracing only about a third of the germ.
Germ above, egg'd, hairy. Styles 3, two-cleft. Stigmas small.
Capsule sizn of a small cherry, S-cell'd, 3-valved,
Seed solitary.
Stipules small, acute, hairy, falling.
Flowers short-peduncled, middle-sized, green; the male and female
sometimes mixed in the axills of the leaves; sometimes
the male are collected by themselves in little bundles in the
axills, and the female solitary in distinct axills; but it often
¡lappens that they occupy different trees.
Bractes several, very minute, surround the insertions of the peduncles.
Calyx split to very n ir the base ii :s halflanced,
withering.
Petals five, very minute, lanced.
Nectary saucer-form.
Staviens: in the centre of the nectary there is a cylindric column,
from which, near the apex, issue five ascending filaments,
AiUlurs oblong, erect.
PEMALE FLOWERS.
Calyx and Corolla as in the male.
JV<;c<ii?7 cup-form, closely embracing half the germ; margin slightly
notch'd.
Germ above, egg'd. Styles three, two-cleft. Stigma simple,
somewhat three-lob'd, smooth, three-cell'd, six-valved, size
of a nutmeg.
Seeds, only one in each cell comes to maturity, (though when
young there are the rudiments of two) round, smooth, size of
a pea.
This is a small tree,
flowers during the hotsc
The bark, or outer cn
live of the hilly parts of the Circars;
; seed ripe in December andjatiuary,
• the capsules, is said to be exceedingly
poisonous.
The wood of the tree is of a reddish colour, uncommonly hard
and durable.
170. CLUYTIA PATULA,
.Briinc/i£j very numerous, spread horizontally, forming a large shady
head. Branchlets two-faced, twiggy.
¿fflwi alternate, short-petioled, two-faced oblong, attenuated to a
pretty long slender point, intire, smooth, shining, about three
inches long, and one and a half broad.
Stipules small.
Flowers small, nearly sessile, male and female collected in little
This is a much larger tree than the former, and a native of mois
rallies. Flowers during the hot season.
Its wood is of the colour of dried rose-leaves, hard and durable.
171. CLUYTIA MONTANA.
Pantinga of the Telingas.
Trxmk erect, short and thick.
Branches numerous, spreading, Branchlets two-faced, twiggy,
alternate, short-petioled, two-faced, in vers e-egg'd or wedgeform,
smooth, intire, from two to three inciies long, broad in
proportion.
Stipules small, acute, withering.
Floxvers small, green, axillary, crowded, sessile, male and female
s, withering.
s exactly as in Cluytia patula.
Brades ii
Calyx, Corol, and Nectary as in Cluytia patula.
Germ egg'd. Styles two, two-cleft. Stigmas simple.
Berry globular, succulent, size of a pea.
Seeds two, oval, one side flat, the other convex.
On the interior mountains it grows to a tree, but on the lower
lands it is only found of small size.
The wood, like that of the two preceding species, is very hard,
and of a reddish colour.
172. CLUYTIA SPINOSA,
Cora-n of the Telingas.
Trunk straight. Bark scabrous. Branches disposed as in the last.
Tlionis a few, large and strong, on the larger branches.
Iciwei also disposed in the same manner, oblong, pointed, intire,
firm, smooth, many parallel protuberant veins, running from
the centre to the circumference, about five inches long, and
two and a half broad.
Spikes axillary or terminal, interrupted (flowers collected in bundles,
leaving the interstices naked.)