50 UEOSTIGMA.
Var. 1. AFFINIS.—affmis, Wall. Cat. 4524; Herb. Ind. Or. Hook. fil. and Thorns.
113 ; Herb. GrifE. (Kew Distrib.) 4589, 4590.
Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, nan-OTved at the baso, shining; lateral primary
nerves often as many as 12 paii-s; receptacles pedunculate.
This variety is found in the Eastern Himalaya, Khasi Hills, Cliittagong, and Bun-oah.
Wallieh issued specimens of it as F. affmis, but it Avas not described under that name
until the publication of Kurz's Flora of Bm-mab in 1877 (the Urost. affine described by
Miquel in Hoolc. Lond. Journ. Bot. vi. 564 being quite different). Cuming's plant from
Pliihppmes, described by Miquel hsparvifolia (1. c. 570), appears to be exactly the same as Wall.
Cat. 4524. lliquel's F. subpedmculata, founded on specimens collected by Griffith issued
from Kew under the No. 4589, is unmistakeably the same as "Wall. Cat. 4524.
2. CONCINNA.—F. concinna, Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 286.—Z7ros¿. eoncinnum,
Miq. in Lond. Jom-n. Bot. vi. 570.
Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate ; petioles much elongate (1 in. to 1-3 in.).
Philippines,— Ctmming, 1940.
Vae. 3. Papuaí-a.—J", nesophila, SRIILL. M.S.; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 286;
Benth. Fl. Austral, vi. 164.—Crosi. nesophilum, Miq. in Jom'n. Bot. Neerl
1861, p. 237.
Leaves ovate-oblong, •^'•¡th cordate bases.
New Guinea,—^eecfo'i, P. B. 157 ; N. Australia. Queensland.
Mr. Bentham (1. c.) suggests that both F. nesophila and F. Cuminghami, Miq. may prove
to be forms of F. infectoria, Eoxb. As far as the material at Kew goes, I should refer
the whole of the sheets named F. Ounningluimi to infectoria, and most of them to its
variety Lamhertiana. Some of the sheets named nosophila are in my opinion infectoria
var. Lamhertiana, but the remainder appear to me to come nearer F. glabella, Bl., differing
from the tyjñcal form of that sj^ecies in the shorter cordate leaves.
P l a t e 60.-Fruiting-branch of F. glahella, typical form. 1, base of receptacle; 2, apex of
same; 3, stipules: all of natural sise.
P l a t e 83°.—4, male flower; 5, fertile female flower with perianth; 6, the same
without perianth (shortly pedicillate); 7, ovary of gall flower : all enlarged.
59. Ficus RETUSA, Linn. Mantissa, 129; Willd. Spec. Flani. iv. 1147; Benth. Fl.
Eong-Eong, 327; Fl. Austral, vi. 166; Bedd. Fl. Sglv. ii. 223; Brandis For.
Flora 417; Kurz For. Flora Brit. Burm. ii. Ui.—F. düaíata, Miq. in Ann.
Mus. Lugd. Bat. iii. 218, 238.—P. nítida, Thunb, Fie. 14; Willd. Spec.
Plant, iv, 114.5; Blume Bijd. 455; Wight Ic. 642.—i?", rubra, Roth. Nov.
Spec. PJ. 391 (excl. syn.),—i'. Uttoralis,!^. Bijd. 455.—microcarpa, Linn,
fil. Supp. 442.-1'. Benjamhia, Willd. Spec. Plant, iv. 1143 (excl. syn.
Linn,); Roxb. Fl. Lid. iii, 550.—£/"m¿. ovoideum {excl. syn.), pisifcrum
relusum, nitidum, and microcarpum, Miq. in Lond, Journ. Bot, vi. 580 to
583.— Urost. retusum, nitidum, and microcarpum, Miq, in Fl. Lid, Bat. i.
pt. 2. 345, 3 4 6 .—r e t u s u m and nitidum, Miq. Dalz. Fl. Bomb. 241,
242; Wall. Cat. 4523, all the letters; 4530A and B ; 4567; Rheede Hort.
Malab. i. t. 26, iii. t. 55.
A large umbrageous evergreen tree, with a few aerial roots, all its parts quite glabrous ;
loaves shortly petiolate, coriaceous, shining, entire, ovate-rotund to obovate-rotund, apex blunt
TOOSTIGMA. 51
and rounded or very slightly apiculate, base more or less slightly narrowed or (in var. nitida)
ovate or rhomboid-elliptic, with a slightly acute apex; or with an abrupt, short, blunt cuspis,
the base much narrowed to the petiole; bases of leaves 3-nerved ; lateral primary nerves
5 or 6 pairs, not much more prominent than the secondaiy nerves; length of blade 2 to 4
in,, of petiole '25 to -5 in. ; stipules lanceolate, about -4 in. long; receptacles small, sessile,
in pairs from the axils of the leaves or of the scars of the fallen leaves; depressed-globose,
smooth, yellowish or reddish when ripe ; about -3 in across, with 3 broadly ovate, blunt, spreading,
persistent basal bracts; male flowers numerous, scattered, sessile, or shortly pedicillate,
the perianth of 3 sub-spathulate pieces; stamen single, the anther cordate-apiculate, on a
filament as long as itself; gall flowers sessile or pedicillate, the perianth of 3 broadly
spathulate pieces, ovary smooth; fertile female flowers sessile or pedicillate, the achcne
ovoid or obovoid, the perianth much smaller than in the gall; styles of both short,
stigma cylindric or clavate.
Tropical forests of the Western Ghats of Peninsular India, and at the base of ths
Eastern Himalaya, Khasi Hills, Assam, Bm-mah, and the Malayan Peninsula and islands,
Philippines, South China, and New Caledonia.
A widely distributed plant, and therefore presenting a variety of forms, many of
which have, as in similar cases, received specific names. The forms, however, divide
themselves into two groups, viz.—
a.—Typical form : those which con-espond with F. retusa as originally described, with
leaves inclining to rotund, very slightly apiculate, and with slightly narrowed bases.
This form occurs in Peninsular India, which was the source of the specimen fro:n which
tlie description in the Mantissa was written. This form is also found in Penang and
the islands of Ternate, Aru, and Boeroe, and on specimens from the latter two localities
Miquel founded his species dilatata. It also occurs in Australia. In this variety female
flowers are mostly sessile or sub-sessile.
5.— Variety nitida : those which correspond with the F. nitida as described by
Thunberg, with ovate to rhomboid-elliptic, shortly apiculate leaves, which are narrowed at the
base. This is the form found at the base of the Eastern Himalaya, in Assam, and the
Khasi Hills, Bm-mah, and most of the Malayan countries. In this variety all the flowers
are often pedicillate.
Miquel reduces to his Urost. ovoideum the F. ovoidea of Jack; but from Jack's original
description it is absolutely certain that he had one of the forms of P. diversifolia, Bl.
before his mind when he wrote it; and this apparently was Wallich's view, for the
plant he issued as F. ovoidea, Jack (Cat. 4526) is unmistakeably a form of F. diversifolia, Bl.
P l a t e 61,—Fniiting-branch of F. retusa, Linn. 1, apex of receptacle; 2, base of ditto;
3, stipules : all of natural sise.
P l a t e 84".—4, male flower ; 5, gall ; 6, fertile female: all enlarged.
P l a t e 62.—Fruiting-branch of F. retusa. Linn., vai-. nitida. Smaller figures of base and
apex of receptacle and of a stipule: all of natural sise.
P l a t e 84",—7, male flower ; 8, gall; 9, fertile female : all enlarged.
60. Ficus talboti, not). ijJiu.
A large tree, all parts glabrous; leaves petiolate, thinly coriaceous, shining on upper
surface, ovate or elliptic, apex shortly caudate-acuminate, margin entire, base nan-owed 3-
to 5-nerved; primary lateral nerves 6 to 9 pairs, rather prominent on both surfaces: length