French citizens for their losses of property. This
was afterwards reduced to 90,000,000 francs, and
long rested as a debt upon the republic.
In 1821, the Colombian flag of Bolivar was raised
in Santo Domingo and its independence from Spain
was declared; but the next year, to save itself from
being forced back under the Spanish sovereignty, it
yielded to General Boyer’ s attack and was merged
in the Haitian Republic. From that time until 1844
the whole island continued under one government
as the Republic of Haiti, but in the latter year the
separate autonomy of Santo Domingo was established
under the title of the Dominican Republic.
C H A P T E R X X I
T H E R E P U B L I C O F H A I T I
rT",H E boundary between the two republics of
1 Haiti and Santo Domingo begins at the mouth
of the Anses-à-Pitre on the south and terminates at
the mouth of the Rivière du Massacre on the north,
but it is irregular in its course and has been much
disputed. Haiti has an area generally stated as
10,204 square miles, including the islands of Tortuga,
Gonaive, and Ile-à-Vache. It is divided on
the French system into departments, arrondisse-
ments, and communes. The latest estimate of the
population is 1,210,000; but according to the last
official statement, the six departments of the republic
and the number of inhabitants were as follows:
Nord, 250,000; Nord Ouest, 70,000; Artibonite,
125,000; Ouest, 350,000; and Sud, 200,000.
T he history of the Haitian Republic has been one
of almost constant revolution or insurrection, and
the constitution has been several times modified.
General Boyer, who became president on the death
of Christophe, or Henri I., “ K in g of the Nor th,”
in 1820, and who succeeeded not only in uniting the