ATLAS OF AUSTRALIA—1886.
L A i m i S T O l T . — O n ihs CoHba.i Bivev, a triliutaiy of the
Caiupaspe, about 4 miles west from Kyuetou. Settleuient in this
district lina arisoii in oonuectiou with fanning nvid miiiiug, Several
quartz reefs in tlie ueighbouvliood liave been proved to be very rich.
Population, 21.\
LETHBRIBGE.—.Vcai- the right bank of tlie Hoonirbool
Rivei', about 20 miles north-west from Guelong, on the railway line
to Ballarat. Agriculture and sheep-farming chiefly occupy the attention
of the BUttlei-s in the surrounding country. Large quantities of
grapes and other fruit are produced. Tjitnestone is found in the
neighbourhood. Population, 120.
L E X T O N - . - A lownsyp near the source of the Burn Bank
,ributjiry of the Bet Bet Creek,
fi'ora !n liara The 3 und is lara
producta being
wheat, barley, oats, and
the atteution
f some of the settlere.
• Bui
i 30 iniJes north-west
dtivated, the principal
razing occupies
ifs occur about
forest! the vicinity ;
11 obtained from thei
L I L Y D A I E . — O
t fi-om Melbourne, w
Qu
)wn, and are worked with fair results. The
; known for the excellent quaUty of the red
Population, 141.
ihe Olinda Creek, about 24 miles east-northwith
which it is counected by raOway line. The
country ai-oiiud is traversed by spurs fi-om the Dandenong Ranges,
aud is genei-ally of a hilly character. The flat lands in the valleys
of the Olinda Creek and Tai-ra Yarra Hiver, ai'e of a rich alluvial
nature, and well suited to agriculture. The principal industries are
grazing, dairy-farming, and fruit-growing, The vine is extensively
cultivated. Luucstoue is obtained in l a i ^ quantities, in the vicinity.
Poi)uIation, 8153.
L I N T O N S . — m i n i n g township on Spriiigdallah Creek, about
20 miles south-west from Ballarat. The diggings include both quartz
and alhi\-ial workings. A large amoimt of selection, for agricultui-al
pui-posos, has taken place in the surrounding district, much of the
land being of a very good quality. Population, 923.
l i l T T l E RIVER.—Dii the river of the sa
30 miles west-south-west fi-om Melbourne. The co
occupied for agricultural and gi'sxing pui'poses.
f Port Phillip are extensive plains, in soni
and swamps. To the south-west, the landsc:
fou Yangs Moui
shores c
by the '
!, about
.untry around is
Towards the
e places forming
ipe is diversified
n Mounitt Anakie.
L O C K W O O D . - A township
juth-west from Sandhurst. The
liaraoter, and is occupied exten;
ii-chards aud vineyards are numerc
le vicinity. Population, 402.
LONGWOOD.—siiuided on
VVodonga, aboui
Population, 143.
)n Bullock Creek, about fl miles
country around is of a fertile
ively for agricultural purposes.
IS. Several quartz reefs occur in
of the district is
Po|)ulatiou, 208.
L O R N E . —
>a the Pranjip Ci^eek, and t
85 miles from Melbourne,
settled upon for agricnltui-al and pastoral p
iship c
ear the
Much
•"•poses.
F Loutit
Grey gi
southern shore <
niles south-west fi-om Geelong. It enjoys a mild
aud is a favourite place of resort for invalids and pleasure-
On the Erskine Eiver, which lies a little to the north, there
v-ery picturesque scenery. The country extending back from
contains much fertile land, but is very heavily timbered,
mite, found in the vicinity, is of a very line quality. Popula-
150.
MACARTHUR.—(h, the Bumeralla Hiver, at the junctio:
with it of Breakfast Creek, about 21 miles south from Hamilton, nm
30 miles uorth-ivest from Belfast. The country, generally, is of a ver
fertile character, and produces large quantities of potatoes. It derive
stopping-place on the
iLic road from Ham
MACEDON.—A town ibutaiy of the Salt Water ny line from Melboui-ne. It : the Great Dividing Riinge, and p
jove the level of the sea. ü])per
Belfast. Po])iilation, 807.
1 near
the source of Jackson's Ci'eek, a
lUver,
about 43 miles north-west by railt
lies a
short distance south from the base
issesses au elevation of 1,000 feet
Macedon, about 3 miles distant,
slope of Mount Macedon, is a favourite
Juriiig summer. The pictui'esque character of the
itiy has much in it to attract visitoi«. Estensive
forests cover the land ; immense quantities of timber are sent from
these to the metropolis. Population, 590.
M A P P R A . - ( )ii the left bai
I t miles north-north-west fi-om
are largely alluvial in character
are chiefly engaged in farming, t!i
oats, peas, beans, hops,
importance from the fact
of the Macallister River, about
Sale. The surrounding plains
and very fertile. The settlers
principal products being wheat,
Maflra derives much of its
IS parts of Gippsland. I'opul
Vepui for the sale of
MAJORCA.-Mu.jnrc:,, a township which has arisen in connection
with mining, is situoteil near the right bank of Mount Greenock
Creek, about G miles south-east from Maryborough. The diggings
include both quartz and alluvial workings, and furnish employment
to a large number of minei-s. Settlement, for purposes of agriculture,
is gradually e.xtending. The rainfall vai'ies between 20 and 30
inches annually. Population, 9!>4.
MALDON.—A town near the source of the Snowy Creek, a
tributm-y of the Loddon River, about 10 miles north-west from
Castlemaine. The gold-beariug ground in the neighbourhood
includes an area of 44 square miles, in which occur numerous
quart« veefs. A large amount of machinery is employed in the
reduction of the quartz. Much of the surrounding country has
been settled upon by farmers. The principal agricultural pi-oduots
are wheat, oats, and barley. The vine is extensively grown. Among
the institutions of a public character, are a hospital and benevolent
asylum, Mount Tarrangower, which is in close proximity, reaches an
elevation of 2,Z31 feet above the lovel of the sea. Popidation, 2,809.
M A L M S B T J R T . - l)n the Coliban Eiver, a tributary ot the
Campaspe Eiver, about 14 miles south-east fi-om Castlemaine.
Mining is carried on to a considerable extent in t i e disti-iot. Much
of the adjoining country is of a fertile charactcr, and is settled upou
by farmei-s. To the south of the town is the Malnisbury Reservoir,
\vhich covers an area of about 400 acres, and forms a beautiful
miniature lake. It is the source of the water-supply for the towns of
the northern gold-fields. The underlying rock is principally basalt j
large quantities are quarried for various purposes. The stone is
easily workod, aud hardens afterwai-ds, by exposure to the atmosphere.
The rainfall varies behveeii ¿'j and 30 inches annually. Malmsbuiy
lies at au elevation of nearly 1,500 feet above the level of the sea.
The railway Kne to Castlemaine and Sandhurst connects it with the
metropolis. Population, 1,329.
M A B T S r i E L D . - - V toivn on Ford's Creek, a tributary of the
Delatite River, about 40 miles south fi-om Benalla. The country
around is of a mouutaiuous character, being traversed on the south by
the Blue Eange, on the east by the spurs from the Dividing Chain,
and on the west by numerous ramifications from the Puzzle and
Strathbogie Ranges, iluch of the land is of a fertfle nature, and a
considerable area is placed under cultivation every year. Wheat,
oats, and potatoes are among the principal products. Gold and
antimony are found in the neighbourhood, the former chiefiy in
connection with quartz. Population, 402.
M A R O N G . - township on Bullock Creek, about l l j miles
west-north-west by railway line from Sandhurst. The adjoining
country is well suited to the growtli of wheat, immense quantities
being produced. The area under cultivation in the district amounts
to about 30,000 acres. Over 100 acres are planted with the vine.
Mining is carried on in the vicinity, the workings being chiefly in
connection with quartz. Population, 134.
M A R S H A L X T O W N . — N e a r the Banvon River, about 4
miles from Geelong. The settlei-s ai-ound are engaged, for the most
part, in agriculture aud grazing. Several industries in the locahty,
including a tannery, wuol-soouring establishments, aud other works,
furnish employment to the residents, Population, 225.
MARYBOROUGH.—Maryborough, the most important toivn
in the western portion of the northern gold-fields, is the centre
of a very large mining district. It is situated on the Four-mile
Creek, a tributary of the Bet Bet Creek, and lies about 42 miles,
by railway line, north from Ballarat, The auriferous area is of
considerable extent, and contains numerous quartz reefs. The
yield of gold, for the Maryborough mining district, during 1834,
amounted to 77,828 ozs. The importance of this town has been
lai-goly increased by the extension of the railway system into the
interior aud more remote parts of the colony. In addition to being
connected with Ballarat and the metropolis, it is the centre of three
lines—east to Castlemaine, west to Avoca, find north-west to Donald,
in the du'ection of the Mallee Border. Maryboi-ough ¡possesses a
number of fine substantial buildings. In the neighbourhood have
arisen several industries, including coach factories, a brewery, aud
fruit-preserving establishment. The mean annual rainfall, from
ob3ei-\-ation5 extending over a pei-iod of eight years, amounts to nearly
19 inches. Population, 3,297,
M A T L O C K . - m i n i n g township, situated on the culminating
Ime of the Great Dividing Chain, about 75 miles east-north-east in a
straight line from Melboivi'ue, and at an elevation of about 4,000
feet above the level of the sea. Numerous quai'tz reefs are found in
the vicinity. On account of the rugged charaetei' of the country,
travelling to and from these diggings is attended with difficulty.
During ^^•inter, snow frequently falls; the climate is bracing aud
healthy. Population, l lo.
VICTORIA.
MELBOURNE.—JU>li"iiiviR-, the metropolis of Tictoria, has
its origin in the small settlement commenced on the banks of the
Yarra Yni'ra in the year 1835. Regular government was established
in September of the following year, under a i-esident inagisti-ate from
Sydney. In March, 1837, it was nsited by Sir Eichard Bourke,
Governor of New South Wales, who, after concun-ing in the choice
of the site, named the town Melbourne. Williamstown, on the
western shore of Hobson's Bay, was established at the same time.
The liwt sale of Crown lauds took placc in Melbourne, in June, 1837,
the average prico realised for town lota being £70 per acre. Incorporation
by Act of the Legislature of New South Wales followed in
August, 1842, aud in June, 1847, it was created a city nnder Eoyal
Letters Patent, The separation of the colony fi'om New South Wales
ill 1851, and the discoveiy of gold within a few weeks aftenvards, are
the starting points of it« subsequent prosperity and rapid progress.
I t would be difficult in the history of the colonizations of the past, to
find another instance of so complete a change fi'om the wilds of the
original bush to all the refinements of modern oi\-ili26tiou, withiu
the limits of so short a period. In 1835, the pioneer settlers ti-od the
virgin soil covered by the native gi-ass and forests of Eucalyptus, and
peopled by the aboriginal tribes; in 1886, the spires aud steeples of
docks capable of receiving the
prosperity of the colony. Tin
largest vessels, ship-building
chemical works, soap aud caiid
spice, aud clothing factories.
J yards, foundries, tanneries, breweries,
iidle works, coach, furniture, brush, boot,
lopewalk.s and woollen works,
jljlic gardens adorn the city in various
•ell known, the Botanical Giirdi-ns, Wiuth
• Gardens, Zoological Gardona, Pawkner,
Numerous parks aiul p
parts. The following are v
of the Yarra Yarra, Fitzroj
and Studley ])arks. The park reserves equal an area of about
2,000 acres.
The town is supplied by wati
r from the Yan Yean
the Plenty River, It is distant about 22 n
tion of o!)5 feet, having a storage capacity
To provide for an increasing population,
being formed, in order to augment the sou
Melbourae possesses numerous instituti<
Among these may be mentioned hospitals,
and blind asylums.
lies at an elevay
of 6,400,000,000 gallons,
n additional channel is
.8 of supply,
of a charitable character,
nevolent, orphan, lunatic,
Thei-e are over GO suburbs, many of wliich are very densely
populated. Railway aud tramway lines connect the majority of these
with the citv.
a great city a
5 of a peo]
their place, proclaiining the
e who now recognise it as thei
terpris and
adopted
Melbourne
ght bank of
le northern si
lated c
!3 of gentle undulation
inland from
Yarra Eiver, about 2*
m shore of Hobson's Bay. It covei-s an area of over 5,000
and the total length of its sti-eets exceeds 100 miles. Melbourne
1 laid out, due consideration being given to the future requireof
a large popum
, being c sed bv
The mean annual ramfaO.
to about 27 inches. Populat
city and suburbs, 321,212.
the \-icinity of Melbourne, amounts
of Melbourne (city alone), 67,0Uj
MELTON.—A town on the Toolorn Tooleru Ci-eek, a tributaiy
of the Werribee River, about 23 miles west^north-west from Melbourne.
The land is of a fertile character, and i
farming aud gi'azing purposes. The grape is exte
The mildness of the climate, and the beauty of the
neighbourhood, present attractions to tourists and i
connected bv raihvav liiK^ with Lh.
occupied for
ively grown.
;enery in the
ight
The
tralians, whose mem
was desired to houoi
polis of the souTh is a
impressed with the
of progress
itself eviden
. Population, 330.
M E R E D I T H . — On
«^oole Barghurk Creek,
ill tributary of the
rbool Riv¿r, about
ig, and s ated c
that makes
point. The buildinj
substantial, and pos;
large amount of art
tural beauty. Thosn cil a
p u b l i c character
especially noteworthy rnr
their symmetrical proportions,
aud commanding
appearance. Many of the
warehouses and places of
business equal the superb
edifices of the principal towns of the Old World, and in the
various suburbs are seen handsome and comfortable residences,
substantial in character, and containing all the beauty of sun'oundings
that wealth and prosjierity can command. The following are the
more prominent public buildingsThe Houses of Parliament,
Treasury, Law Courts, Free Library, Post Office, Department of
Lauds and Mines, Custom House, Mint, University, Town Hall,
Exchange, Goveniment House {the Residence of the Govei-nor),
and the Exhibition Building.
Much of the importance of Melboui-ne is due to the fact that
it is the seat of Government, and is the focal point of commeroe and
trade with the sister colonies, Britain, and the nations of the world.
The greater portion of the products of Victoria, is carried by the
railways which cross the land in various parts, to the metropolis,
either for consuniptiou by its population, or for export to other
countries. Vessels not exceeding 1.5 or 16 feet in draught can reach
the middle of the city, and discharge and receive cargo at the wharfs
which line the banks of the Yarra Yarra. in this part. Ships of larger
tonnage are berthed at Sandridge, or Port Melboume, as it is called.
During 1884, the imports of Melbourne reached the value of
£15,645,477, or 81 per cent, of the total imports of the colony; for
:ports amounted to .€18,212,322,
ot the total. Shipping iuwai-ds, to Melbouv
represented a can-ying capacity of 1,451,819 tons
vessels showed an aggi-ogate of 1,419,197 tons,
Numerous manufacturing industries have arisen
its various suburbs. These furnish employment
number of persons, and have added considerably t
• the year 1884,
whilst outwards
Iway li
ittlers in the district
arci engaged in farming,
I being the principal
!t3. In the early
aavs of the colony it was
an important atoppingnia(
H on the road from
ing to Ballarat.
.i-,vi(iences of its importance
now unoccupied.
The country around is
gold-beaiing. Population,
M E R I N O . - X e a r t h e
left bank of Henty's Creek, a tributary of the Wannon River, about
26 miles west from Hamilton. The country around is largely
occupied for pastoral and agricultural purposes. Population, 297.
METCALFE.—A townsliip on the Coliban River, about 12 miles
east from Castlemaine. Much of the surrounding country is under
cultivation, cereals being the principal products. Population of
neighbouriiood, 100.
M I N E R S ' REST.—On the Burrumbeet Creek, about 7 miles
north-west from Ballarat. The settlers in the neighbourhood are
chiefly engaged in fanning. Population, 439.
M I N Y I P . — A town situated about 30 miles north-east from
Horsham. The country around is extensively settled upon, and k rge
areas are under cultivation, cereals being the principal products.
Population, 421,
M I T T A MITTA.—A township on the right bank of the Mitta
Mitta River, about 30 miles in a straight line south-east from Wodonga,
The country around is of a mountainous character, and largely auriferous.
The diggings include both alluvial and quartz workings.
Numerous reefs occur in the neighbourhood. Population, 100.
M O E . - Near the right bank of the La Trobe River, on the
Gippsland Railway Line, about 80 miles east-south-east from Melbourne.
Much of the land in the district has been settled upon
for agricultural purposes. Coal occurs in the vicinity, but the seam
is only a thin one. Poimlation, 153.
MOLIAGUL.—A mining township near the source of Burnt
Creek, about 9 miles north-west from Dunolly. Large quantities of
gold, including several valuable nuggets, have been obtained in the
past, from the alluvial workings in the vicinity. Population, 100.