ATLAS OF AUSTRALIA—1886.
BEECHWOE.TH.—lioocliwurtli, the pri
district of the Mnrrny, ranks among the early settlements in Victoria.
I t is situated on tlie Spring Creek, a tributary of t i e Orens Rivei
and is huilt on one of a series of undulations, known as th
Dingle Ranges. The country around is generally of a mountainoos
eharactor. To tlie south-east lie the Bogong Ranges, aod the
numerous spurs which braccli north from the Dindiog Chain. The
town is largely associated with mining, The Talley of Spring
Creok is highly auriferous, the richest areas occurring in the
immediate vicinity of Beech worth. The annual return of gold,
amounts to ahout 20,000 ozs. The workings are both alluvial and
quartz, and more than 1000 distinct reefs are known. Mining
. large proportion of the population. The
the early rushesj were noted for their
furnishes e
richness, but are now almost exhausted, having given place, for
the most part, to the more permanent industry connected with the
quartz reefs. Many of those who were originaOy minors, have turned
then- attention to cultivation of the soil, which, in many parts of the
district, is of a rery fertile character. The principal products are
wheat, oats, barley, potatoes, and tobacco. Grapes are grown, aud
making has become established. Grazing is followed by
of the settlers Fruite of v
kinds, including those of Europea
^hwo^th lies at an elevation of 1,77
feet above the level of the sea,:
Much of the scenery in the district is
character. The toivn is regarded as
Victoria, and is a favourite resort for ton
manufacturing industries have arisen ii
among which may he mentioned brei
factory, and pottery. A supply of pun
Lake Kcrford. Beechworth possesses se^
dry bracing climatc
>viM and 1
one of the healthiest in
rists and others. Several
1 the immediate vicinity,
iveries, flour-mill, cordial
3 water is received fj'om
•eral very fine substantial
buildings, and is a town of rapidly increasing importance. A branch
line from the trunk railway line to Wodonga oomieets it with the
metropolis. Population, 2,400,
BEIiFAST.—Belfast, an important town on the south-western
coast, is situated at the mouth of the Moyne River, and lies about
170 miles west-sonth-west from Melbourne. The estuary, into which
flow the watere of the river, is known as Port Faiiy. The town forms
the outlet and commereial centre for a large and prosperous district.
The country, which extends back from this portion of the seaboard,
possesses a considerable amount of fertility, aud is largely occupied
for pastoral and agricultural purposes. Immense quantities of wool
are forwarded to the port every season for shipment. The export of
this product for the year 1880 represented a value of £163,118. Tho
port has been much improved by means of dredges, and now vessels
of considerable draught can load and discharge cargo near the middle
of the town. The land rises gradually from the margin of the ocean,
and presents but few olevations. At intervals, occur low ridges of
sand, limestone, and frequently volcanic matter. The fertility of the
soil is to a large extent due to trap and hmestone, the principal underlying
rocks. Low swampy areas are common, but after draining,
these become some of the best producing lands. The grass which
covers the reclaimed swamps is of the most lusui-iant description.
The principal products of the district, in addition to wool, are wheat,
barley, oats, and potatoes. Population, 1,757.
BELMONT.—A small township situated near the right bank of
the Bai-won Eivor, abont 2 miles south from Geelong. The country
around is occupied by farmers, and large areas are placed under
cultivation every year. Cereals are among the chief products.
BENALLA.—Benall
the North-eastern Pi-ovinc
a town of considerable importance in
forms the capital of the shire of the
same name. It is situated on the Broken Eiver, a tributary of the
Goulbnm, and ranks as one of tie early inland settlements of the
colony. Though laid oat as a township so far back as 1846, it was
not until the capabilities of the surrounding country as a grainproducing
district became known, about the year 1854, that it
assumed any importance. From that date until the present, settlement
has gradually extended, and the area placed under cultivation
has each year been increased. Among the principal products of tho
district are wheat, barley, oats, ha;
suit the growth of the vine. Bena
buildings. It was connected by
The rainfall varies between 20 an
1,700.
B E R W I C K . — t o w n s h i p .
miles south-east from Melbourne
i potatoes. Climate a
ilway with Melbourne in 1873.
30 inches annually. Populaticu,
tho Cardinia Creek, about 27
TTie Gippsland Railway Line
sses near it on the south side, and provides easy commiinication
th the metropolis. Tho land in the neighbonrhood is occujiied by
•mers, some following dairying, and others, cultivation of the soil.
From the native forests, a large amount of timber is sent to Melbourne
for firewood. The rainfall varies between 80 and 40 inches annually.
Population, 400.
B E T BET.—On the creek of the same name, a tributary
of the Loddon River, situated about 9 miles north from Maryboi
ough. The railway line to St. Arnaud and Donald connects
it with the metropolis. Settlement has taken place in the neighbourhood,
chiefly for puqjoses of agriculture. Large areas are under
cultivation, the principal crops being wheat, barley, and oats. Grapes
are grown, and wine-making has become established. Some of the
country in the vicinity is auriferous, gold occurring both in connection
with aOuviuju, and quartz. Population, 250.
BETHAITGA.—A mining township on the right bank of the
Mittii Mitt-a River, about ii miles above its confluence with the
Murray. It lies about 12 miles east-south-east
arose in connection with tho discovery of gold ii
The auriferous ground embraces a very large are
numerous. Silver and copper have been found,
these motals are of so complex a nature,
attended with much difficulty and
is of a mountainous character. Population, 558.
a Wodonga, and
1 neighbourhood,
iiartz reefs being
e ores containing
that their treatment is
The conntry around
B I R R E G - r i l B A . — O n the left bank of the Barwon River,
about 12 miles oast from Colac, The country around is occupied
by settlers for agriculture, dairy-farming, and grazing. The low
spurs from the Otway Ranges approach it on the south, forming
the watersheds of the numerous small tributaries of the Upper
Barwon. These are covered in many parts by extensive forests.
To the south-west, the coimtry is of an undulating character, the
slopes and valleys forming rich pastures for herds aud flocks.
Towards the north, are found extensive plains, sloping in the direction
of the numerous lakes and marshes scattered over tliis portion of
Victoria, while in the distance staud Mounts Gellibrand, Pleasant,
aud Hesse, forming a pleasing contrast to the general level. The
railway line to Camperdown passes close to the north side of the
town, and connects it with Geelong and Melbourne. Population, 297.
BLACKWOOD.—A mining township on the Lerdorderg River,
a tributary of the Werribee River, about 48 miles north-west from
Melbourne.
Chain
distance to the north, lies the Great Dividing
spurs from which diversify the surface of tho surrounding
country. The workings in the vicinity are in connection with quartz,
Population, 242.
BLAKEVILLE.—Blakeville is situated on the Koiweinguboora
Creek, a tributary of the Werribee Eiver, about 20 miles east-northeast
from Ballarat. Spurs from the main chain project to the south
on the oast side of the township, and give variety to the surface of
the country. Timber-cutting and mining furnish employment to a
considerable number of persons, Gold occurs in the neighbourhood,
in connection with quartz. Population, 197.
BOORT.—Boort is situated near the north-western shores of a
small fresh-wator lake of the same name, caused by the ovei-flow of
the Loddon Hiver, which lies a short distance to the eastwai-d. It is
distant about (jO miles in a north-west direction from Sandhurst.
Portions of the district are heavily timbered, in other parts are found
the mallee scrub of the plains,
and sheep-farming, for which j
seasons of drought, grass and water a
B land is well suited to grazing
it is occupied. Except during
e plentiful. Population, 300.
•I'andoovong Creek, about 38
The country around is chiefly
BRAITXHOLME.—On the A
miles north-north-east from Portland,
occupied for pastoral purposes. Lime
quality aro obtained in tlie neighbourhood, and forwarded to othei
parts of the colony. It is connected with Portland and Melbourne by
railway. The rainfall amounts to about 80 inches annually. Population,
323.
BRIAGOLGITG.—Briagolong, a township in Gippslaud, is
situated near a small tributary of the Avou River, about 20 miles
north from Sale, aud Ues at the foot of the numerous spurs which
extend south, in this part, from the Australian Alps, These ranges
produce divei-sity, and lend pictureaqueneBS to the scenery. Much
of the soil is of a voi-y fertile character. Cultivation of the hop
d tobacco has led to considei'able settlement. Dairy-farming
cupies a large amount of attention, and a cheese-factory on the
co-operative principle has been established. Gold has been found
1 tho vicinity, aud quartz reefs occur in tho ranges. The native
)rests contain some very good timber,
number of persons. Population, 87.
B R I D G E W A T E R . — A town oi
confluence of the Bullabul Creek. It
direction from Sandhurst,
proof passes through it, aud furnishes
the laetropolis. A considerable amoun
d granite of a superior
g of which employs
3 tho Loddon Rivi
is distant about
IS of conveyance t
VICTORIA.
been brought under cultivate
roducts of the district
irhood, furnish emploj
about
aud large ai
and potatoes are among the
and a brewery in the noighl
of persons. Population, 51
BRIGHT.—Bright i:
Ci-eek with the Ovens Riv.
ford, and is suri-ounded by lofty spurs
tho Great Dividing Range. Tho land in
River and its numerous tributaries is fe
under cultivation. The principal pi-oduct:
oat«, tobacco, and hops. Gi-apes grow readi
.avo become established in t
1. Wheat,
Two flourmber
nining is •
t to n
mbei' of p
nd as th.
bi-okon in character, :
rugged peaks tower a;
and most pioturesqu
le conflueui-e of Morse's
s south-east from Myrtlehich
Tho
lirnnch north fi-om
the valleys of the Ovens
fcilo, and large areas ai-e
of tho district an" whoat,
r. Several manafacturing
e neighbourhood. Gold-
Ovens, and furnishes
e source of the Ovens
all sides, presenting 9.
- to be met with in
Popul
BROADEORD.—This tovvnshii
situated o
a tributary of the Goulburn Rit •er, about 47 mile !R north
Melbourne. The country generally is of a very fertile character
much of the land is under cultivatioi ,1. Cereals are estc insively gi
Mount Piper, which lies a short distance to the so luth-west,
conspicuous feature in the land sea]). 3. Evidences of v,D lcanic act
in the past aro found on its siimmi •t, which reaches r .11 elevati.
tiout 1,300 feet above the level of the sea. The railway lino from
[elbounie to Wodonga passes through Bi-oadford. Poi)u!ation, 157.
BROADMEADOWS.—Situated on Moonee Moonee Ponds,
fi'om Melbouni
! to Wodonga.
througho
a large a it of attention, the
all produce,
.ense crops of
attract the eye, an
riant grass. Dair
metropolis furnish a ready outlet
Itivation, and
• are gathered in every year. There is
harm the lover of rustic sceueiy, in the
ippearance of the various homesteads
fundings, • the slopes for milei
nestling
B R O M L E Y , small ti
luth-east from Dunolly. The soil,
on, being formed by the disintegi
n place to a co
have been brought I- cultiva
Foi Population,
BUANGOR.—Buangov
ship on Burnt Creek, about 3 miles
in many parts, is of a rich descrip-
•ation of the undei-ljnng tra]) rocks,
isiderable extent, and large areas
tion. The country is auriferous,
places. Platuium has also been
situated r .f Fiery
Creek, a stream which flows into Lake Bolac. 14 miles
east-south-east from Ai'arat. Much of tho land is of a fei-tile character,
and is settled upon for agricultural and pastoral puq)oses. Occupying
a position on the southci-n flank of the Great Dividing Range, it
possesses an elevation of over 1,000 feet. The climate, during the
g!-eater jjortion of the year, is cool aud plc-asant. The railway line
to Ai-ai-at and Dimboola pas,=es thi-ough it, and furnishes ready means
of communication with Melbourne. Population, S3.
BUCHAN.—Situated on a stream of the same name, a tributary
of the Snowy River, which it joins on the right bank, about 80 miles
from the sea. The spurs, extending south-east ft-oin ilount Victoria,
separate the numerous small affluents of tho Buchan Rivor from tlio
! of the Boggy Creek, and give diversity to the surface of
the SI mtry. Gra
-tions of the settlers. Population, i
g and n iiivg a- e principal oi
BULLA.—This town is situate
ater River, about 17 miles nor
n th(
well suited t<
foimd in coi
turai
ith gold,
left bank of the Salt
t ft-om Melbourue. The
ïs hay largely. The soil is
Deposits of china clay are
priraaiy rocks. Iron is
and quartz, somo of it
e manufacture of agricuU
Popu 1, 300.
BULN" BULN.—n.ilu
Buln, a township on Brandy Creek,
is situated about 60 miles east-south-oi
miles north from Warragul, a statii
e. The la,nd in the neighbonrhood
le descrijìtion, and a largo amount
Unong tho products of the district a
rley. Considerable attention is givi
Extensive forests occur towaitls tl
tributary of tho ISnneep River,
fi-om Molbourne, and about 5
on the Gippsland Railway Lin
for the mo-tt jmrt, of a ferti
settlement has taken place. ^
potatoes, wheat, oat-s, and ba
to grazing and daii-y-farming.
north. Very fine tinibei' is obi
. Population, 204.
B T T K r i i r T O i r O . -
with mining. The diggings comprise both quartz and alluvial
workings, many of them of exceptional richness. Tlie aurifcrou.'i
ground includes about 10 square miles of country, and contains
reefs. A very large amount of i.-iipilal has been
; of these gold-fields,
uiid about 3
Much of the
of the soil aro whoat, oatf
the east rises Mount Bui
volcano, aud reaches an c
an altitude of about 1,6
possesses a very healthy cl
B U R R T T M B E E T . -
fertilß
^ery large o
expended in the develojimont of various ]:
The town is situated about 7 miles south from Ballarat
miles oast from the left bank of the Yarrowee River.
ipied by settlers. Tho principal products
I, barley, and potatoes. About 2 miles to
linyong. It is supposed to be an extinct
elevation of 2,4-18 feet. This town lies af
00 feet above the level of the sea, and
imttte. Population, 1,416.
-BuiTumbeet is situated near the northern
tho lake of the same name, aud lies about 13 miles west-
, from Ballarat. The surrounding district contains much
1; the richness is due, in a large measure, to tho volcanic
elements which enter into the composition of the soil. It is occupied
for agricultui-al and pastoral pui-posos. Tho railway line to Ararat and
Dimboola passes through Burrumbeet, and furnishes ready access to
Ballarat and the metropolis. It possesses an elevation of over 1,300
feet above sea-level, and enjoys, for the most jjart, a coo! and agreeable
climate. Lake Biirrumbeot is picturea(iue in its surroundings,
and is a favourite resort for fishiug parties. Population, 150,
C A M B R I A N HILL.—Camlirian Hill is a small townshi]) on
the Yarrowee River, about 103 miles north-west from Melbourne.
Mining is the principal industry in tho district. Population, 275.
C A M P E R D O W N . - T h i s town lies near the foot of Mount
Leura, on its northern side, and at no gi-eat distance from Lakes
Biillenmerri, Gnotuk, and Colongulac, It is distant about 'W miles
east-north-east fi'om Warrnambool, and is connected with Melbourne
by railway line. The country around is largely occupied for pastoral
purposes. Agriculture and dairy-farming chiefly engage the attentii
of the numerous settlers who ha-
Several manufacturing industries have arisen in the '
include a brewery, flour-mill, cordial factory, and sworks.
1 the district,
inity. These
p and candle
'opulation, 1,248.
CARAMUT.—Caramut is situated on Muston's Creek, a
tributary of the Hopkins River, and lies abont 32 miles inland
from WariTiambool. Much of the surrounding country is of an
undulating character, and very fertile. It is occupied both for
pastoi-al and agricultural purposes. The land, for the most part,
is but sparsely timbei-ed, and being rich, is well grassed throughout.
Popuktion, 171.
CASISBBOOK.—Carisbrook is situated near the junction of
Mount Greenock aud Tullaroop Creeks, the waters of which fall into
the Loddon River, aud lies about miles east from Maiyborough,
The siirroundiug country is settled upon chiefly for agricultural
pui-poses. Mining engages attention, and shows a steady development.
The railway line through CastJemaiue to Maryborough
connects it with the metropolis. Population, 1,089.
CARLSRUHE.—This small township is situated on the Campas])
e River, about 50 miles north-west from Meibouj-ne. The
country around is occupied both for agricultural and pastoral
great distance from the culminating line of
ige, and possesses an elevation of 1,800 feet
The railway line from Melboui-ne, through
Population, 130.
tho early inland settlemeuts,
of Mouut Emu Creek, about
the Great Dividing 1
above tho level of the
Castlemaiue, passes irithin 2 miles
CARirOHAU.—Camgham,
is situated on Baillies Creek, a tril;
17 miles west from Ballarat. The adjoining country is occupied for
agricultural and ¡jastoral pui-poses. Mining occupies attention, aud
cmjjloys a number of persons. Lake Burrumbeet is distant about 4
miles to the north-east; about 7 miles in a west-south-west direction,
rises Mount Emu, which reaches an elevation of 1,687 feet above sealevel.
Population, 611.
C A S H E L small village, about 20 miles north-west fi'om
RenalUi. Much of the land is of a fertile character, and is occupied
for agricultural and grazing purposes. Limestone of a superior
quality occurs in the neighbourhood, and iron oi-e has been found.
The oxperimental farm established here by the Government, covers an
area of nearly 5,000 aci'es. To the south-west is Jlount Major which
reaches an elevation of 1,251 feet above the level of the sea. Poj)ulatiou,
108.
C A S T E R T O N . — T h is township is situated on the Glenelg
Rivei-, a short distance above the confluence with it of the Wannon,
aud is about 25 miles east from the South Australian border. The
land on the banks of the river is largely alluvial in character, and
possesses considerable fertility. Tho district is well watered and