A T L A S OF AUSTRALIA—18
n nortli-west. .lireirtioii, and termiuntes about 22 miles east from
Maibom-ue. ITerc- it ruceivea tbe uamo Daudenoiig Kange, and
reaches iiti elevation, in somo places, of 2,000 feet. AVestward
from Mount Monda, the country on the southern slope is direi-sified to
a cousiderablo extent, by low spurs which have their origin in the
main chain. Many of these present definiteness ami continuity for
many miles to the south, and only lose their character as they siuk
into tho ooiupanvtively level country extending back from the
shores of Port Phillip. From the M4tL meridian, west to its termination,
the Dividing Chain gives rise to few spurs, and at but a short
distance south froiu the euhninating line, low undulations gradually
become lost in the gentle slope towards the Southern Ocean.
On the slope towards tho Murray Uiver, we find a vast extent of
country, very broken in character, and, in many portions, rugged and
even precipitous. This is due to the almost endless ramilioations of
spurs which branch out in all directions on the north side of the Gi'eat
Diriding liango. At the eastei-a extremity of the colouy, tlie number
of lateral ranges is especially noticeable. Mount Gibbo, reaching an
elevation of 0,7134 feet above the level of the sea, and situated northwest
from Porest Hill, near the 148tb meridian, is the culminating
point of a numerous group of spm-s dividing the upper waters of
the Murray from those of the Mitta Mitta, one of its tributarios.
at ever infested the Australian
small spurs extend west from the Strathbogio
0 far as the l-tuth meridian. Beyond this point,
no latenil i-anges of any import-
Separating the basins of the Mi
spnrs, which radiate from se^
Hero tho lofty s
6,508 feet, may b
From Mount Hoth:
range, separating
'Phi
Mitta and Kiewi
itres north of the main chain,
nit of Mount Bogong, with nn altitude of
sen towering above the surrounding country,
branches off to the north a well-defined lateral
e basins of the Kiowa and Ovens Rivers,
inge reaches its culminating point in Mount Feathcrtop, which
as an altitude of (J,SOS feet above the level of the sea. As it advances
ito the valley of the Murray it spli
intii they becoi
if the Black
of the most prothese
grnduaUy dei
plains. The Pilot Range colled
Dog Creek, a tributary of the Mi
minent of these short ninges.
On the north side of the Barry Mountains, several well-defined
ranges branch off, and form the valleys of the Upper Ovens and its
tributaries, the Buckland and Buffalo Rivers. Mouut Buffalo, wliich
reaches an elevation of 5,(345 feet above tlie level of the sea, is situated
some distance north from the main chain.
Near the western extremity of the Barry Mountains, lateral ranges
and their nuraei-ous smaller spurs cover the surface of the land for a
considemble distance north-west from Jloimt Howitt. Here, amid
country almost inaccessible in some places, and posses.sing somewhat
of the rugged grandeur of the Alps, are found the sources of the
Buffalo, King. Delatite, Howqna, and Jamieson l?ivei-s. Mount Buller
lies to the west of Mount Howitt, and is a prominent summit in
these mountains. It reaches an elevation of bf i U feet above the
level of the sea. Mouut Cobbler, near tho source of the Rose River,
a tributary of the Buffalo River, possesses an altitude of 5.342 feet.
The Putter Range, in which occurs Mount Glenrowen, shows a
considerable distinctness of outline at its northern termin.-ition, and
bounds the basin of the King River, a tributary of the Ovens River
on the west. This spur, like those farther to the east, extends for a
considerable distance into the valley of the ifurray.
North from Mount Arnold, in the main i-ange, and a short distance
to the west of the Utith meridian, occurs a well-defined spur which
separates tho basins of the Acheron and Big Rivers, tributaries
of the Goulburn. As it approaches the left bank of the Goulburn
River it forms several branches, which have received the name
Cerberean Ranges. On the opposite side of the river, and extending
for a considerable distance north, the surface of the country is much
diversified by ranges intersecting each other at every conceivable
angle. These elevations are apparently continuations of the spur
which branches north from Mount Arnold. They are also connected
by means of the Blue Ranges with the spurs forming the upper
basins of the Delatite and King Rivers. The F,iw,]e Range, which
has a north-west direction from a point near the junction of the
Delatite and Goulbui-n Rivers, is a prominent portion of these
mountains. To the west lies the Black Range, The Strathbogie
Range has a north-east direction, and intersects the Puzzle and Black
Ranges ahnost at right angles, tt lies north of tho 87th parallel, and
and daiing gangs •
colonies. Numerou
and Black Ranges,
to tho termination of
auco branch off to the
The culminating point of tho cordillera, within the limits of the
colony, is Mount Hotham, which attains an altitude of I3,100 feet
above the level of the sea. 3Ionnt Bogong, situated some distance
north from the DiA-iding Bango, near the source of tho Big Eiver,
reaches an elevation of 6.508 feet above sea-level, and ranks as the
highest mountain in Victoria.
Dstachei) Ranoks.—Apart from the Great Dividing Chain and its
many lateral ranges, there are few elevations of any importance in
Victoria. Those found on its sui-face, which stand alone and apjiarently
unconnected with the central feature, aro neither extensive, nor possess
any very great elevation. Their effect on the river system of the
colony, «-ith ].erhaps two exceptions, to be referred to subsequently,
is of a very limited character. The Grampian Mountains, which are
situated near the western esti-eniity of tbe Great DiWding Chain, are
of the Detached Ranges. Tliey are
ugos, and have a meridional
doubtless t
South from Mo
;i-al parallel
int William, which lies on tho eastern face of these
mountains, the name Sen-a Rauge has been applied. Some distance
to the west, and forming a double curve, is the Victoria Rauge. Northwest
from the Victoria Mountains is a small chain known as the Black
Rauge. The Gleneig and the Mackeniio Rivers take their vise in
these mountains, tho fonner reaching the Southern Ocean by a
oircuitons coui-se, and the latter fiowing north into the Wimmera,
which subsequently traverses the dry, parched plains of the interior.
In a north-east direction fi'om Cape Otway, is a range of no
very great extent or elevation, which runs pai-allel with this part
of the coast, and sepamtes some of the tributaries of the Bar won
fi'om the many short and unimportant streams which find their
way in a south-east direction into the ocean. North from Moonlight
Head are the La Trobe and Block Ranges. Near the south-eastern
shores of Port Phillip Bay
I shot -ange, the principal
summit in which, Arth
•s' Seat, reaches an elevation of 1,0S1 feet.
Inland from the easte
shore of Western Port, is Bass Range;
a short distance to tho
.I'th-east tliere is Strzelecki Range. North
from Corner Inlet occ
s a range of a straggling character. Its
greatest elevation, Moi
t Fatigue, reaches a height of 2.110 feet
above the level of the
the south-west lies Hoddle Range.
Separating parts of the ba:
Creok and the J,a Trobe
west of tbe 146th meridian. The siirroundi
•try, which i
broken by the numerous small spurs from these
intains, U
\vild and nigged character, and in many places
distant peaks of the Strathbogie Mountains con
view as tho traveller passes rapidly along thi
Wodonga to Melbourne. These mountains, so difficult of ascent, and
presenting so many facilities for shelter from the representatives of
law, were long occupied as the stronghold of one of the most notorious
5 prominently into
tfay line froi
River, is a low range known as Snake's Ridge. In Wilson's Promontory
are several short ranges, some of the peaks of which reach
an elevation of over 2,000 feet. Mount La Trobe attains a height of
2,434 feet above the level of tho sea. In the north-west portion
of Victoria, occurring at intervals, frequently of considerable extent,
are found low ridges, for the most part of sand formation. These
seldom attain much elevation, and are ouly conspicuous on account
of tho vast plains suri'ouuding them, The height of several of
these sand-hills is stated to be about 200 feet.
Isolated Peaks.—Scattered over the surface of various parts of
Victoria are isolated mountains or peaks which, i
a considerable elevation above the surrounding
them are prominent features in the localities
Evidences of volcanic eruption are found in the ii
not a few; craters, the fires within which have
vomit forth lava-streams and red-hot ashes, still re
with an interest in these solitary monuments of
ippai'ently exhausted.
some cases, rise to
ountry. Many of
niediate vicinity of
iig since ceased to
past, now i
tegratjou
surround in
of the prii
a vast for the
inds and i of tho lava poured forth over the
• plains from these mountains, has imparted to the soil one
ipal elements of fertility. Extinct volcanoes are numerous
in tho south-western portion of the colony.
The following are the more prominent of tho isolated mountains :
Hotce ffi//—Near Cape Howe. Height 1.292 feet.
ifuuvt Ermml—A. short distance north from Cape Everard. Height,
1,200 feet.
Muunt Can^i—North from Sydenham Inlet. Height, 1,7(54 feet.
SUith» Pea/c—Near the source of Hovell's Creek. Height, 1,104 feet.
Mount Biininijonij—A short dist-nnce south-east from Ballarat. Height
2,4-W feet.
Mount JiOT«—South-west from Lake Burrumbeet. Height, 1,687 feet.
Mount TfWJeri«—North of the 38th parallel and east from tho USrd
meridian. Height, 1,132 feet,
Mmiut Siep/ioTji-North-west from Luke Corangainite, Height,
1,294 feet.
Moioit JSrnwii/cm —South-east from Lake Bolac. Height, 1050
feet.
Mount -S/n-rff/i/—Near the source of tho Back Creek, a tributary of
the Hopkins River. Height. 1,070 feet.
Mount iïoiMS—Near Peushurst. Height, 1,220 feet.
Mount Napier—East from Byaduk. 'the lava-overflows are conspicuous
around this mountain. Height. 1.453 feet.
Momil Dimdan—Noar the sources of Kobmson and Koroite Creeks.
Height. I.53S feet.
Momt »nwiOTiiooi—Near the confluence of the Moimt Emu Creek
and Hopkms River. Height- 712 feet.
Mount Noorat.—k short distance north from Terang. It is an ettinct
volcano, with a crater over 200 feet deep. Height. 1.024. feet.
iTiiZ—North from Gape Bndgewater. Height. 727 feet.
Mount Ktncaid—j\. short distança north-west from Richmond Hill
Height. (>55 feet.
Mount 4rnyi?<îs—Near the southern margin of the Mallee Plains.
Height. 1.17(j feet.
Mount ÂOT'ono—North-west from Inglewood. Height. 1.408 feet.
Mount Maior—North-west from fstewarton. Height- 1.251 feet
Table of Moitntajns with their prmcipal elevations
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n.-BLACK RA-NGE NORTH I"
IX.—KA^'CiB XOilTH FROM COBSi
X-—RAiíÜKS IS WILSON-8 fKOMO;
Drainage.—There is the same simplicity in regard to the drainage
of Victoria that is found to obtain in its mountain system. The two
classes of facts are intimatelv connected in nature, and a prominent
characteristic of the one, would lead us to look for a corresponding
feature in the other. The Great Dividing Range and its numerous
spnrs have, for the most part, given to the rivers their courses, and
determined their directions. The effect of the main cordillera is
added to on the west bv the Grampian Mountains, in which tho
Gleuelg and some of the tributaries of tbe Wimmera have their
sources. The surface of Victoria presents two principal slopesnorth
to the Murrav, and south to the Pacific and Southern Oceana.
Some of the lakes, to which there is no visible outlet, receive the
waters of several small streams; these may be regarded as forming