RUBUS SAXATILIS. STONE BRAMBLE.
KUBUS samtilis ; foliis ternatis glabriusculis, flagellis reptantibus herbaceis, panicula pauciflora.
RUBUS saxatilis. Linn. Sp. PI. p. 708. Huis. A n g l . p .m . Lightf. Scot. p . 265. With. Bot. Arr.
ei. 4. tol. S. p. 461. Ft. Ban. t. 134. lioffm. Germ. ed. S. ml. \. F . I. p. 231. Willi.
Sp. P L m l .S .p .W S » . Decani. Fl. Fr. e i. 3. ml. 4. jO. 473. FI. Gall. Syn. p. 338. Smith
Fl. B rit. p. 544. Engl. Bot. t. 8233. Pers. Syn. PI. vil. 2. p. 52. A it. Hort. K m .
cd. 2 . vol. 3. p. 270. iVahl. Fl. Lapp. p.\4,3. Hook. Fl. Scot. P . l . p , 161. Iceland Tour,
vol. 2. p. 325.
RUBUS caule herbaceo, foliis glabris, ternatis, acinis paucissimis. Hall. Helv. n. 1111.
CHAM2ERUBUS saxatilis. Stone-Bramble, or Raspis. Raii Syn. p. 261.
Dan. Fruebcer. Dut. Stccnminnendc braamboos. Germ. Die Steinbrombeere. Norw. Tegebar.
Russ. Kostdniza. Swed. Jungfrubdr.
Class a n d Or d e r . ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA.
[N a t u r a l O r d e r . ROSACE2E, Juss., Decand., Hook.]
Ge n . Ciia r . Calyx quinquefidus. Dacca supera, composita acinis plurimis, monospermis.
G e n . Char. Calyx five-cleft. Fruit superior, composed of many single-seeded juicy drupes.
R a d ix perennis, longe repens, filiformis, lignosa, hie
illic fibrosa, flagellifera; flagellis longissimis, pro-
cumbentibus, aphyllis vel foliosis.
Ca u l is f e r t il is erectus, simplex, spithamreus et ultra,
gracilis, subangulatus, pubescens, hie illic seti-
gerus, inferne squamosus, squamis ovatis, con-
cavis, imbricatis, fuscis.
Fo lia pauca, distantia, longe petiolata, ternata; petiolis
setis vel aculeis rectis minutis instructis, basi sti-
pulis duabus ovatis, viridibus, minutis, foliolis
ovatis, acutis, venosis, subpubescentibus, dupli-
cato-serratis, lateralibus basi insequalibus, sessi-
libus, terminali magis minusve petiolato, omnibus
lffite-viiidibus, subtus pallidioribus.
P a n ic u l 2E terminales, axillaresque, subumbellat®, so-
litarias vel binse, pauciflorm.
Ca l y x quinquepartitus, segmentis lanceolatis, erectis,
demum reflexis, persistentibus, viridibus.
Corolla pentapetala; petalis parvis, vix calycis segmentis
longioribus, oblongis, albo-viridibus; mar-
gine integerrimis.
St am in a calyci inserta, numerosa; Filamenta erecta,
alba, persistentia; Antherse parvre, flavas.
PiSTlLLUM: Germina plerumque sex ad octo, ovata,
viridia; Stylus breviusculus, filiformis; Stigma
parvum, obtusum, rubrum.
P e r ic a r p ium : Fructus magnus, ruberrimus, acidus; e
drupis vel acinis rotundatis, distinctis, majuscu-
lis, nitidis, una ad decern.
N u x oblonga, compressa, erecta, tränsversim rugosa,
pulpi prope basin immersa.
S em e n oblongum, pendens, fuscum.
E mbryo semini conformis; Albumen nullum.
Coty ledones planiusculi; Radicula supera, ad hilum
seminis versa.
Root perennial, very much creeping, filiform, woody,
here and there fibrous, bearing runners, which
are very long, procumbent, leafless or leafy.
Fe r t il e St em erect, simple, a span and more long,
slender, slightly angular, downy, here and there
setigerous, below, scaly, the scales ovate, concave,
imbricated, brown.
Leaves few, distantly placed, ternate, borne on long
footstalks, Which are furnished with little erect
bristles or prickles, having at the base two ovate,
green, small stipules; the leaflets ovate, acute,
veined, slightly downy, doubly serrated, the lateral
ones unequal a t their bases, sessile, the terminal
one more or less petiolate, all bright green,
paler underneath.
P a n ic l e s of Flowers terminal and axillary, somewhat
umbelled, solitary or in pairs, few-flowered.
Ca l y x o f five divisions, the segments lanceolate, erect,
subsequently bent back, persistent, green.
Corolla of five petals, which are small, rather longer
than the calycine segments, obloDg, greenish-
white, their margins entire.
Stamen s inserted on the calyx, numerous; Filaments
erect, white, persistent; Anthers small, yellow.
Pis t il : Germens generally from six to eight in number,
ovate, green; Style very short, filiform;
Stigma small, blunt, red.
Pe r ic a r p : Fruit large, very red, acid, composed o f
from one to ten round, distinct^ shining, largish
drupes or acini.
N i cblong, compressed, erect, transversely wrinkled,
immersed in the pulp and near the base.
Se e d oblong, pendent, brown.
Embryo of the same form as the seed ; Albumen none.
Coty ledons flatfish; Radicle superior, turned to the
scar of the seed.
Fir. 1. Petal. Fig. 2. Segment of the calyx, with its stamens. Fig. 3. Pistil. Fig. 4. Cluster of drupes.
aFig. 5. Single berry or acinus. Fig. 6. The same, cut open to show the nut. Fig. 7. Nut. Fig. 8. Nut laid
open to show the seed. Fig. 9• Seed. Fig. 10. E m b r y o all more or less magnified.
This species of Bramble loves dry or stony places in woods; and though by no means alpine, as its congener
the Cloudberry (.Rubus Chamcemorus), is yet principally confined to the mountainous districts of England, Ireland,
and Scotland. I t is also a native of the cold regions of Iceland. The situation, however, where it may
be seen in the greatest plenty and perfection, and where the plants here represented were gathered, is in the forest
of Darnawav, Morayshire, where acres of ground are almost covered by it, and where the fruit attains to a larger
size than I have ever seen it to do elsewhere. These berries, or drupes, are rather too acid to be used as esculent
fruits, though their flavour is far from being unpleasant; and, if eaten with sugar, as suggested by Lightfoot, they
might no doubt, form an agreeable dessert. In Russia, they are fermented with honey by the natives, and are
said to afford a potent spirit. They are called Roebuck Berries in the Highlands of Scotland.
The Stone Bramble is the.badge of distinction used by the Highland clan M'Nab.