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Fourcroya Cubensis, Haworth.
West India and continental tropical America. A smaller
species than the following, hut equally utilised for fibre and
impenetrable hedges. F. flavo-viridis (Hooker), from Mexico,
is still smallei'.
Fourcroya gigantea, Yentenat.
Central America. With species of Yucca, Agave, Dracæna,
Cordyline, Phormium, Doryanthes and this and a few other
Fourcroyas, we have gigantic liliaceous plants available industrially
for fibre. Frost injures tbe leaves of this species.
Scape up to 30 feet high.
Fourcroya longæva, Karw. and Zncc.
High mountains of Guatemala and Mexico, at an elevation
of about 10,000 feet. One of the most gigantic and magnificent
of all liliaceous or amaryllideous plants, in volumen only
surpassed by Dracæna Draco, the Dragon-tree of the Canary
Islands. This is the only known high-stemmed species, the
trunk attaining a height of 50 feet, and huge panicle of
fiowers 40 feet more. I t dies, like many allied plants, after
flowering. The species is recorded here as a fibre-plant,
but with us would mainly or solely be kept for its ornamental
grandeur.
Fragaria Cbiloensis, Aiton.
In various of tbe colder parts both of North and South
America. Cbili-Strawberry.
Fragaria collina, Ehrbart.
In various parts of Europe. Hill-Strawberry.
Fragaria grandiflora, Ehrbart. (F. Ananas, Miller.)
Various colder parts of America. Closely allied to F.
Chiloensis. Ananas-Strawberry.
Fragaria Illinoensis, Prince.
North America. Hovey’s Seedling and the Boston kind from
this plant.
Fragaria pratensis, Duchesne. (Fragaria elatior, Ehrhart.)
In mountain-forests of Europe. Cinnamon-Strawberry.
Hautbois.
Fragaria vesca, Linné.
Naturally very widely dispersed over the temperate and
colder parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Wild Wood Strawberry.
From this typical form probably some of tbe other
Strawberries arose. Middle forms and numerous varieties
now in culture were produced by hybridisation. These
plants, though abounding already in our gardens, are mentioned
here, because even the tenderest varieties could be
FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 93
naturalised in our ranges. Any settler living near some
brook or rivulet might readily set out some plants which with
others, similarly adapted, would gradually spread with the
current.
Fragaria Virginiana, Miller.
North America. Scarlet Strawberry.
Fraxinus Americana, Linné.*
The White Ash of North America. A large tree, 80 feet
high, which delights in humid forests. Timber valuable,
better resisting extreme beat than tbe common Ash. Tbe
Eed Ash (Fraxinus pubescens, Lam.), tbe Green Ash (F.
viridis, Mich.), the Black Ash (F. sambucifolia, Lam.), and
the Carolina Ash (F. platycarpa, Mich.), are of smaller size.
Fraxinus Chinensis, Eoxburgh.
I t is this Ash on which a peculiar wax is produced by
Coccus Pela, perhaps also on some species of Ligustrum.
About 40,0001bs. are exported annually according to Mr.
Bernardini. F. ornns is well adapted for a promenade-tree,
and is earlier in foliage than F. excelsior, F. Americana and
most other Ash-trees.
Fraxinus excelsior, Linné.
The ordinary Ash of Europe and West Asia. Height 80 feet,
of comparatively quick growth, known to attain an age of
nearly 200 years. Pich soil on forest-rivulets or river-banks
suit it best; wood remarkably tough and elastic, used for
agricultural and other implements, for oars, axletrees and
many other purposes. Six peculiar kinds of Ash-trees occur
in Japan, some also in the Indian highlands; all might be
tried here.
Fraxinus floribunda, Don.
Nepal Ash, 40 feet bigb.
Fraxinus Oregana, Nuttall.
California and Oregon Asb. A tree up to eighty feet in
height, preferring low-lying alluvial lands. The wood of this
fine species is nearly white, tough and durable, often used for
oars and handles of implements. Though allied to F. sambucifolia
it is very superior as a timber-tree. Asb-trees 'will
grow readily in the shade of other trees.
Fraxinus Ornus, Linné.*
The Manna-Ash of the Mediterranean regions. Height about
30 feet. I t yields the medicinal manna.
Fraxinus quadrangulata, Michaux.*
The Blue A.sh of North America. One of the tallest of the
Ashes, 70 feet high, with an excellent timber.
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