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38 SELECT PLANTS READILY ELIGIBLE FOR VICTORIAN INDUSTRIAL CULTURE. 39
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Cæsalpinia Sappan, Linné.
South Asia. The wood funishes red dye. This shrub can
also be utilised for hedges. I t would likely prove hardy here
in places free of frost.
Cæsalpinia sepiaria, Roxburgh.
South Asia, east to Japan. Can be utilized in the warmer
tracts of onr colony as a hedge-bnsh. I t can advantageously
be mixed for hedge-growth with Pterolohium lacerans
(R. Br.), according to Dr. Cleghorn.
Cæsalpinia tinctoria, Humboldt.
Chili. The bark yields a red dye.
Cajanus Indiens, Candolle.
Tbe Catjang; in Assam, called Gelooa-mah. A shrubby
plant of India and tropical Africa, probably available for
profitable culture and naturalization in the warmer parts of
our colony. I t sustains itself on dry ground, and yields the
pulse known as Dhal, IJrhur and Congo-pea. The plant
lasts for about three years. Attains a height of 15 feet, and
has yielded in the richest soil of Egypt 4000 lbs. of peas to
the acre. A crop is already obtained in the first year. The
seeds can be used as peas in tbe green as well as mature
state. Several species of Cajanus of the Atylosia section,
indigenous to the warmer parts of Australia, might be tested
here for the sake of the economic value of their seeds. The
insect, active in the formation of Lac, lives extensively on the
Cajanus, according to Mr. T. D. Brewster, of Assam.
Silkworms live also on it.
Calamagrostis longifolia. Hooker.
North America. Excellent for fixing drift-sand.
Calamintha Nepeta, Hofimansegg.
I t is of the strongest odour among several species, but not of
so pleasant a scent as C. incana (Boiss.) and C. grandiflora
(Moench).
Calamintha officinalis, Moench.
Middle and South Europe and Middle Asia, North Africa.
A perennial herb, used like melissa as a condiment.
Calamus montanus, T. Anderson.
Himalaya, up to 6000 feet, A hardy climbing palm. The
aged canes are naked. “ The light but strong suspension-
bridges, by which the large rivers of Sikkim are crossed, are
constructed of this palm. I t supplies material for the
strongest ropes for dragging logs of wood from the forests.
The most durable baskets and the cane-work of chairs are
manufactured from the slit stems. Walking-sticks and
riding-canes made of this species are exported from Sikkim
in considerable quantity.” Many other Calami serve similar
purposes, but probably few or perhaps none are equally
hardy.
Callitris quadrivalvis, Ventenat,
North Africa., A middling-sized tree, yielding the true
Sandarac resin.
Calyptranthes aromatica, St, Hilaire.
South Brazil. This spice-shrub would likely prove hardy
here, the flower-buds can be used almost like cloves, tbe
berries like allspice. Several other aromatic species are
eligible for test culture.
Camelina sativa, Crantz.
Middle and South Europe, temperate Asia. An annual
herb, cultivated for the sake of its fibre and the oil of its
seeds. I t is readily grown after corn crops, yields richly
even on poor soil and is not atacked by aphis. Mr. W.
Taylor obtained 32 bushels of seeds from an acre, and from
these 540 lbs. of oil. The return is within a few months.
Canna Achiras, Gillies,
Mendoza. One of tbe few extra-tropic Cannas, eligible for
Arrow-root culture.
Canna coccínea, Roscoe.
West India. Yields with some other Cannas the particular
Arrow-root, called “ Tous les mois.”
Canna edulis. Edwards.
The Adeira of Peru, One of the hardiest of Arrow-root
plants, and thus well-adapted for our clime. Seeds, even if
many years old, will germinate. This species has yielded
excellent starch at Melbourne, Western Port, Lake Wellington,
Ballarat and other localities, from plants supplied at the
Botanic Garden. Tbe Rev. Mr. Hagenauer, of the Gipps-
land Aboriginal Mission station, obtained 220 lbs. of
Ax'row-root from one-eighth of an acre of this Canna. The
gathering of the roots is effected about April. The plants
can be set out in ordinary ploughed land. Captain James
Hall, of Hastings, prepared also largely tbe starch from this
root. Starch grains remarkably large.
Canna flaccida, Roscoe.
Carolina. Probably also available for Arrow-root, though in
first instance like many congeners chosen only for ornamental
culture.
Ganna glauca, Linné.
One of the West Indian Arrow-root Cannas.
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