reddish-brown, each feather crossed with minute zigzag
blackish lines, some of the elongated scapulars falling over
the wing-coverts ; lower part of the back liair-brown ; upper
tail-coverts brown, barred with pale brown ; tail-feathers
uniform brown, slightly elongated and pointed; wing-
coverts white, slightly varied with brown; the greater
coverts tipped with black ; the primaries uniform brown ;
the outer webs of the secondaries forming a green speculum,
tipped with black; outer webs of the tertials blackish-
brown, inner web hair-brown ; lower part of the neck in
front reddish-brown, extending along under the wing to the
flanks, which are barred with dark lines ; breast, belly, and
vent white; under tail-coverts brownish-black; legs, toes,
and their membranes dark brown. The whole length is
nineteen inches. From the carpal joint to the end of the
wing ten inches ; the second quill-feather the longest in the
wing, but the first almost as long.
The female has the whole head and neck yellowish-white,
thickly speckled with black, very little rufous on the breast;
the back is dark brown. The young males, as usual, are
much like the females during the first season, hut the
colours are more pronounced and the wing-pattern better
defined. They are subject to a regular change every soring1
and autumn.
The lower part of the trachea, here introduced from
Audubon’s work, is, as noticed by Blyth, of small size, and
decidedly ciifterent in form from that of the European Wigeon.
A NSERES. A NA TIBER.
F u l ig u l a r u f in a (Pallas*).
THE RED-CRESTED POCHARD.
Fuligula rufina.
F u l i g u l a , Stephens +.—Bill not longer than the head, but slightly elevated
at the base, depressed towards the tip ; sides parallel; both mandibles laminated,
lateral edges of the upper mandible enclosing the edges of the under one.
Nostrils at a short distance from the base. Wings rather short, pointed. Legs
with the middle and outer toes longer than the tarsus, which is flattened
laterally; feet large, webbed, the hind toe with a broad depending membrane.
T h e Fuligulince or Diving Ducks form a tolerably natural
sub-family of the Anaticla. The species composing it are
distinguished by having the hind toe furnished with a
conspicuous membranous lobe ; they are stouter in build,
with proportionately large heads and short necks ; some ot
* Anas rufina, Pallas, Reise, ii. App. p. 713 (1773).
t Shaw’s Gen. Zool. xii. pt. ii. p. 187 (1824).