viulcancges refemhling the mountainous- ones, ón foe dusfface óf
theie^thjfo would not he, pertinent (here to determine. of.
>s Without entering into a prolix examination offoefeXhingsy 'I
fofoall only quote Wood ward’,s,opiniom :on this head, “ There is
a nearly uniform and eonRant heat difleminated throughout
the body jof foe earfo, fod «^eeially hthe/ïintèttdr aparts of} fo;.
foe bottoms of thé deeper mines being .very fultry, and the
Rories and ot;es -there very ferififely hot, even in, winter anduthe
^coldflr foafons j and fo.foisheat whifo .esfoaoriates and elevates
the jvater of the a^fs^.ibiioyiiig it up indifferieptiy on; every
£de, and towards' dll parts' of the-globe.” And, page i gSty he
adds, C£ That die water refidont in the abyfs,. k,. in .all parts of
it, endued with a confiderable quantity of heat; .and 'more efpe-
cially in thofe parts where thefe ; extraordinary aggregations'; of"
his fire happen, ^d lifcewife is the wMet which is thusi forced
put of it, mfomuch when thrown forth and ffidsed with thé
waters of Abells, 0 fprfogs, of rjvsers, ;and tof . the ifeB* it itcndcrs
■ them very fenfibly hot.” ’ Thus' far Woodward,
It is foffident that experience fheWs the countries’refootfefooni
the lea, tho’ neafeft to the: line, tór’be ftfbjeét ttfohe-hardeft v in-
ters^ andd^at thpfo popfStrifiS, which arf'4 £tpay,y gpepmpafljbd
by the fea, none have fofe Of the whgteFKr#|a%rfs of the; frofl,
ice, and fnow thereof, than thofe which lie open go the great
fea, or the main ocean, the ppM arid W$rai effe&s (fofojefo&la-
- tions being moftly fek in wfofoF, . fokfh j fh f y fP ^ e § p @ u s j
having a l arge range in the
lels crowded' by the hilar ray’sT ft'Is almoft i.xiG®npe'ivaliK,,'rt}iO?
certainly true, that the winter of the year r yg>]8fofo remarkable
' for its defou&ive feverity,: was not remarkably rent, at 'Bergen
from the other comma wiiitg?,s*( Apd f fo lifepWife foÖapfo
Scotland, and the Orkneys, all .fituatgd. towfods foe wefkriii
ocean, felt little of the extiraprdinaiy. rigor pf tbap.winter i of
which more particular accounts may b§ read in the JEngliih phiid
lofop'hical'
* T o remove all doubts, which thofe ayho_ are not experirnentajljf jaa^fointed' with
this lingular providence may entertain of it, I lhall confirm it Jv the W fo ig g J?fo
fege from Befham’s phyfico-dieology, B. 4, • Ö f whiéh :dtt^hcé. againft the mb’ft
feVere cold, (namely the warm exhalations from -A® f®fiJ ,w®tljfef:MMy h&d 4 '?9 ?r
vincmg proof m ï 7,0,8, when England, Germany, France, and Denmark, ;ariel; even
the more fouthetly parts of Italy, Switzerland; and other ■ ctyntr&s,’ feffered feverefo,
whereas
jbfephical tranfafii'ons;:*N9 324. In relation to this truth, a certain
.French' geographer amft be allowed to be in fome meaiure right, bfo
though :the affertion feems very fingular and unheard of, “ L’air Empires <*
eft fort dmm eii Nor^egw, de fertfe ;que la mer gele point, Monde, par
-et la neige y- eft fort peu de ferns.” i. e. In Norway the air is Y- p- 777-
-very temperate, fo -that the fea -is never frozen, nor dbes the fnoW
diE l®ng -upon the ground.!
hS ;fe‘ c. t . vii.
The (aforefaid writer'probably had his account from fofoe molTfe«S)
Norwegian, ,whb w a s .acquainted cfoly, with,yhe Weff fide^f .foe eaS^
. countryfor.ithgrdeferiptisn by no fajeans (agrefes wifo moft of the
provinces, and fefpecfolly ^11 the .eaftem parts near -Fil©fiqld.,*Xbe
intem^pe-lsfof the winter js. there leMretne,! partioularly in the 'le-
c^els -on the lfnountainfe; which arfe far (foorc ,;exppfed £0 the
.feverity of; foe-ait than the 'dalleys, and rfoch itowards tfee,upper
region c f -the atm’olphjeie Which is tnuch polder than fhe leaver,
i fellexipflL .of fon is .there lefsj^werful, and foe air
-snore rarifed.' Thb ufuT d^rfeo efthe' dfoefodly- in January
and February,:may fee’ fofocientlyf'cfoi<&Yfed From feoce-, that
foe largefl rktys, wifo'.thek rearing e^taya&sj are l i f t e d in their
.fOytfefoy the froft,, and the ivfery, Fpittfe is {kv fooner, oy|t fo foe
jpiouth, thanat .is congealed, and rolls along the ground likp haiJr
^3%foer foftanee of the extreme cold, not; unworthy forties,
||fo.tyially, as It raifes, aftbniihmept, ^foreigners, is, that no, fopner
j-fos a; hdrfe dropped his excrements on the aee^-foan-thd balls of
(horfe-aUng- ^©ve ana Kap fe'tfo-gbou-nd: i.3fh&;caufe of this is
the fudden change from, heat to. cold, which pecafions a_ violent
^conflid-, when the foarp and denfe fo . peMri4fe ifor^hly;drfo: •
ni i .f .. j t
‘■ 'whereas Ireland and; fogfond felt -very little o f it, rtrrote fhan in [othel wintfers. - B it
it feemS fiihis is what ordinarily befal thofe lfotlrern^arts, particularly the iflands of
winters are generally rfiorfe ftifeje^ to rWn than fno-wi; n«r doth the freft arid; fnow
- continue;there fo long as in 'Other parts bfpe.tehd ; but the -wind in ffleijneiii tithe
, Will.bfteh blow yery 'boifterorifly, and it rami fortietimes-, not by drops5 b u t’fo
r fporits .of water, as if whole; ejouefs fell down at once, &c.” .Likewife M. Lucas Dfe-
' bes, in his defeription. of the Few©- ifiands, .affirms;' “ thait'rt-he wintersfoereiare• not
: Very-Gold,■ :tliough; they l i e . ; i f f i t the ' 62dl a t i tude ; the frofts feidom^iaftifio-
1 longer than a month, and; are with'ia fo mod'er-ite; tliat riOibe.is ever fieri in an open
dbay, ‘ribit'afi'e thfc ilieep anotoxeri^ever ’bi OrigRt under dpver. ! n > , ^
V * ° f thti fma11 arid piercing darts of iCei as they are calltedj which ate particolarlv
•tfcet forth by the north, and north-eaft wind’s, the very learned Jens fold berg, deaf
on