lands they reckon above; i ^c^oop people, w,hoie fcle livelihood 13
the catching, pickling, and trdEckii%;i?Wti,j|iemQg9*; Here in
Norway alio, and efpecially in the diocefö of Bergen,, and manor
of Nordlandj there are many thoulands ©£ families .that, maintain
. thêmfelves chiefly, by'Cod: and Herring-ififheries. 1 phn Herrings
alone bring in annually feveral thoufand pounds \to Bergen, Troo-
heim, iStavangér, and Lille-folfen,i which ianowedled!. Chriftian-
fchd. The Herring like the Salmon, is notïï.to’bé taken, by any
Food, kind ..of bait, nor; is! there ever found any food, in -itfs! ftomach
ondpening it. Hence it has been generally fuppofed
livé upon wateralo pe, * | .and weleej. that .out of , theit element
they caniiot live many minutes, fcarce any Fifh dies -fi}.»Quietly j
which is fuppoled to be ;owing to this, • that .their gijls are very
large in proportion and open, that the ^ir^pimediatehysriiiiiies
Ip, and ftifles them.!:r-Their flelh iis reckoned: wholïbméfhavhen
pickled,: and,: aèeoijdihg tor NieoL:: Tulpius’s Obfèrw. Jf^ecfifc. :p*.
155, it refrefhes the .ftomach, and;promotes . digëftiqn'f'- The
Herrings, like the Mackrel, affemble together, g andufollow .one
another in vaft fhoals j and it is faid..,they have, always, d leaderof
their own fpccies, which is. eighteen inches long, dpdi proportion-
ably broad.. Tbisiis. related: by Martin, in his.Defection.of dhS
Weftern Iflandslof Scotland, P..143...; It Jsfaid ,aLto,;.that;.the
filhermen call this Fifh the King of. the Herrings, and newer touch
him, - reckoning it little lefslthan treklon.: to deftroy:: a ;Fi,fh> tjia’t.
has that title 5 but this is rather :a. fuperftitionj or., a fear: that
alty; for the cbmmon people here are. full ofnthefe fuperftitions,*
and obferve them .a great deal more than the wordpf Gpdv- I
have juft observed that the Herrings follow one another, uarid flock
together in grea(t imltitudes 5 ':from.i whence lome are of opinion
that the German name Hering is derived ; but’uo; body can form
any idea of the largenefs and extent of thefë prodigious Ihoals,
but our Norwegian' filhermen; and eyen what -they -feeijis: but a
finall part of them j$v
»1 begin to be te doubt of: this matter,-.fmce one of my obfeVed
that die finarL Auttltnn Herrings haye bit at a bait on a hook fattened to a Horfe-tjair.
'• -f- The Kmperor Charles thewtii,-who was a great admirer of a picskled’Herring,
when Jte ?anie to Biervliet: in the Netherlands, in the ye^r 1:556, paid a vijjtito the totnb -
of yV31iam,^nkh.olds,.to4ettjni hirp yhanks.for,^s,difed^ry. aBd/inftrijffipns imffl
iriëp|?è ; ï^rfmgjc printed, ift tftê' yeïf 't P f| ‘ Göttfr.'Chrdntó.
ggp. This'tnonafch’s’Spaniffi jhbjöeïs dia not apqütefo muchiwéalthfro'm.the American’Gold
mines, as his-iNethplattd;fpbjedte by. the Herring, fjlhery.' ,, Se^Londoii
Magazine for J u n è «*27$.,^ .
t §Sce Atlas Cornrnercial.‘&'MaHtim. printed atLondon in 172(8. .
If
c Jf, infinity were ^pplicabln topny,, tijing .created, one inight
venture-to4 make,,ufe' of thaf word .jyithv regard ifo-thp ffqrfipgs^,
f#;ieach of them.has more than tap thpufanp;grain^prpgga in
The numberlpls^warms qf the^jas.well asrof Cod, ^ c . that
CP©e,forth, flielter: upper
the great flakes .of^ce a t i i o r t h pole, d^yidp' tfiemfe'lye^, ^
lerp^ng to Anderfonjs obfery^tipc^ in-his Deftrip^ipn pf, ^eland,
P- 5%> Teq. ‘into three bodies j pne p^rt jdi^cftjnj their cop^j ^e.
Southward, towards the^Britilh ii^anpls j another part Wjeftward, srfiiatoil-,
a third part to the}lpft, along the co^^: ,of Nprayuy, afterr
wards through'the jSound into the Baltic, 'Orpfund tfiey we|e
fepn formerly in greater- abundance than .they. ^rp fn©|yi though;the
Panifli coafts, elpeci^ljy j nbovp ,A^lVrg>c^re. flifl ha,ppily 3fopr
9 for which we Ihould pfiaile the bp^n^fuk Qnea-
toT. However, thefe divided and extenfiyp ftioalg ,of Herrings
boar no proportion to the innpmeipble multitudes ffia|t fiyarm
near thp^orjhfp^e the rpiddle: t% ^ixi|@|.
of Herrings and.^3ad ..touch.- pppn yt)je,3¥efter.n: co^ft.j0i; iiomKy,
principally .igordlundl and a^erw^^spn.^hr]^ja^&d,d^'thf -dfe
I^le pf Tronh^lpa ; and from thpnce-quite. thrpugh thp dip;eefg of
pptgpn? tp.thpiflairipf Kar!fpen, nqar;Stavanger»,jThey.c<a»^e tup,-to TnB.i^iU{ ^1
and driven thither in ilKoncpiyable. nnmbqrs, il^itl^iehiqfl^esftibc ;4:VniK ]
Filh of prey. Thefe are" principallyjas I obferved blfornl the
Sharks, the fmallqr of the Whale-kirid, and,that'-fcrt::among large
PAes, which is called the Herring-whaje. " This iuonftrousiFilh,
like the chief tyrant, continually drives'the large ftioals of Her-
tings and Cod before him; and when, ,on acPpnnt of his euprr
nrous fize, he dares not venture Hmlelf 'furthex in .-between the
outer iflands and the rocks, he ftill. remains ajiiqnth Q|5,fix :|iipks
on the watch, near the great fand^bankLaboKe rneiitioued. f
This extraordinary fand-bank/unsparallel to the Ihore for about
fixty Norvegian, and above three hundred Englifh miles. In
the mean time, it feems as if the Whale hadrefigned his command
to the fmaller Filh of prey, and thofe atlaft^o the Cod, and fome
Others j which, while they thendelvps are purliied in - turn,, hever
ceafc pur-flung I P Herring which are a pspy .to-overy thing. How
violently thefe poor creatures are harrafs’d’ '-and driven dong' the
fliore, and in the inlets and creeks, may be concluded fmp; rfiiq ^
that, the «ater, .though quite ftill befcfe-cutis up lp | #awes,
where they come. They crowd together in fuch numbers, that
• Part II. P pj they