Turner’s plate of C. granulata doubtfully, as belonging to C. barbata ;
but from my own observations upon living specimens, I am enabled to
say that the figure in question really belongs to the species it is intended
to represent; the branches, however, are in an immature state, and
have not developed their vesicles.
A very curious variety is mentioned by Mr Turner as coming under
the observation of Mr Sowerby and himself at Falmouth, in the summer
of 1799. “ The branches were scarcely at all divided, and all
flat and lineai-, except that for about half an inch at their extremities
they were covered with numerous round tubercles, placed close to
each other, mixed with a few spines.”
3. C y s t o s e ir a b a r b a t a .
Frond cylindrical, stem furnished with elliptical knobs each producing
a branch many times dichotomo-pinnate and filiform, air-vessels
lanceolate chain-like, receptacles ovate-elliptical mucronate.
Cystoseira barbata, A g . S p . A lg . v . 1. p . 57. S y n . A lg . p . 283. S p r e n g . S p . P I . v . 4. p . 317-
Fucus barbatus, G o o d e n , e t W o o dw . L in n . T r a n s , v . 3. p . 128. T u m . S y n . p . 80. H is t.
F u c . t . 250. Sm . E n g . B o t. t . 2170. L am o u r . E s s a i, p . 18.
Fucus granulatus, G o o d , e t W o o dw . L in n . T r a n s , v . 3. p . 131. { e x c lu d in g t h e sy n o n ym s ) .
H a b . In the sea. Said to have been gathered by Hudson on the
Devonshire coast.
Root a hard fiattish disk. Frond a foot long or more. Stem as
thick as a goose-quill, two or three inches long : branches numerous,
arranged in a panicled manner, the ultimate ones forked, often curled
and twisted. Vesicles very rare. Receptacles about two lines long,
tipt with a setaceous point. Substance flexible, coriaceo-cartiiaginous.
Colour olive-gi-een.
Whether the specimen found by Mr Hudson was actually C. barbata
or not, I fear there can hardly be a question that it has no right to he
considered a native of our seas. Mr Turner has already expressed
much doubt on this point; and Mrs Griffiths, than whom few have
attended more to our marine flora, is decidedly against it. At the
same time, it is to be hoped that its introduction into this Work may
lead to something more conclusive on one side or the other.
4. C y s t o s e ir a foe n ic u l a c e a .
Frond compressed, stem destitute of tuberous knobs, branches more
or less rough with little hard points, repeatedly pinnate filiform, airvessels
solitary or about two together, receptacles mostly proceeding
from the terminal vesicles, linear-lanceolate.
Cystoseira discors, Ag . S p . A lg . V. 1. p . 62. S y s t. A lg . p . 284. S p r e n g . S p . P I . v . 4. p . 31?.
Cystoseira abrotanifolia, A g . S p . A lg . v . 1. p . 63. S y s t . A lg . p . 284. S p r e n g . S p . P I . v . 4.
p . 317-
Fucus fceniculaceus, L in n . S p . P I . p . 1629. T u r n . H i s t . P u c . t . 252.
F um s discors, L in n . T u m . S y n . p . 70. Sm . E n g . B o t. t . 2131. L am o u r . E s s a i, p . 17.
Fucus abrotanifolius, L in n . T u r n . S y n . p . 66. S m . E n g . B o t. t . 2130. L am o u r . E s s a i, p . 18.
Fucus fimbriatus, L am o u r . D is s e r t, p . 70. t . 34, 35.
H a b . Coasts of the south-west of England. Perennial. Summer.
Sidmouth, Mrs Griffiths. Sussex, Hudson and Mr W. Borrer.
Weymouth, Stackhouse and Mr E. Forster. Hampshire, Hudson.
Isle of Wight, Stackhouse. Tor-Abbey rocks.
Root a hard somewhat conical disk. Frond one to two feet long.
Stem four or six inches high, as thick as a quill, almost cylindrical,
giving off a number of branches in an irregular manner near the top ;
branches compressed, undivided, subdistichous, alternately pinnate, the
pinnae two or even three inches long at the base, shorter upwards,
producing in their turn about two series of ramuli in a pinnated manner.
Air-vessels elliptical-oblong, in the extremity of the pinnae, and
the branchlets given off from them. Receptacles not two lines in length,
cylindrical, simple or forked, solitary or several together, some produced
at once from the terminal air-vessels, others having the intervention of
a little stalk.
In a young state this plant is furnished with flat pinnated leaves
one to two lines broad, obscurely midribbed, dotted, and with a somewhat
crenate or denticulate margin. These leaves are gradually converted
into branches, and as the plant acquires a stem, often disappear
entirely, and are never i-eproduced at any season. When, however,
the plant is situate in deep water, fructification is sometimes produced
before the frond has lost its foliaceous character, and it might then be
easily mistaken for another species. Hence the two species named
discors and abrotanijolia maintained by Linnæus, Stackhouse, Smith,
Lamouroux, and by Turner in his Synopsis Fucorum. The latter, in
his subsequent admirable work the Historia Fucorum, united them
under the Linnean name of foeniculacea, in which I entirely concur,
though my friend Professor Agardh still retains both.
In my determination upon this point I have been materially assisted
by the practical observations of Mrs Griffiths, through whose kindness
I am in possession of a beautiful series of specimens illustrative of the
various states of the plant.