the wind and tide carried the veflel out with great velocity; and on their
arriving in fmoother water, the cutter was inftantly difpatched to the
afliftance o f the marine, who was perceived amidft thofe violent agitations
of the water, (till holding fall of the launch ; which, having been
more fenlibly operated upon than the veflel by the ftrength of the
tide, had drifted clear ou t; and thole on board the Chatham had the
inexpreflible happinefs of feeing the cutter bring both their (hip-mate
and the launch fafely alongflde, with the lofs only o f the furniture that
(he had contained. Both boats were immediately hoifted in, and the
Chatham made fail to the s. s. e. with a fine breeze at n.w . in company
with the Jenny.
Soon after the Chatham was out a {hip was feen in that quarter,
which Mr. Broughton would have concluded to be the Daedalus ftore
{hip, had not Mr. Baker informed him that (he had joined the Difco-
very off the entrance, the day after he went up the riv e r; the fequel
however (hewed that he was not miftaken, this veflel proving to be the
Daedalus; which had been detained by the inclemency of the weather in
Gray’s harbour, until within a few hours of her being feen by the
Chatham.
Thus the Chatham quitted Columbia river; the reft o f the time,
till (he joined the Difcovery, was employed in performing a very boilte-
rous and unpleafant paflage, until (he paffed cape Mendocino, exactly
fimilar to that which we had experienced. I (hall conclude this account
o f Columbia river, by a few (hort remarks that Mr. Broughton made in
the courfe o f its furvey, in his own words:
“ The difcovery of this river we were given to underhand is claimed
by the Spaniards, who call it Entrada de Ceta, after the commander
o f the veflel, who is faid to be its firft difcoverer, but who never entered
it; he places it in 46*, north latitude. It is the fame opening
that Mr. Gray dated to us in the fpring, he had been nine days off the
former year, but could not get in, in confequence of the out-fetting
current. That in the courfe of the late fummer he had however entered
the river, or rather the found, and had named it after the (hip
he then commanded. The extent Mr. Gray became acquainted with
R O U N D T H E W O R L D . 75
oh that occafion is no further than what I have called Gray’s bay, not >792-
more than 15 miles from cape Difappointment, though according to >
Mr. Gray’s (ketch it meafures 36 miles. By his calculation its entrance
lies in latitude 46° to', longitude 237° 18', differing materially in thefe
refpecls from our obfervations.
- “ The entrance as already ftated, lies between the breakers extending
from cape Difappointment on the north fide, and thofe on the fouth
fide from point Adams, over a fort of bar, or more properly fpeaking,
over an extenfive flat, on which was found no lefs depth o f water than
45 fathoms. The bed leading mark is to bring the Tongue point,
which looks like an ifland near the fouthern (hore, to bear by compafs
about e . by N. and then (leer for it; this was obferved in the paflages
o f the Chatham in and out, though on the latter occafion, .circum-
ftances were too unpleafant to allow of great precifion.
“ Erom the information and experience derived by this vifit. it appears
to be highly advifeable, that no veflel (hould attempt entering this
port, but when the water is perfectly fmooth ; a paflage may then be
effefited with fafety, but ought even then to be undertaken with caution
l bordering on the breakers off point Adams, and keeping the
Tongue point well open, with Chenoke, or Village point, will avoid
the fpit bank, and give a clear channel up to Chenoke; but in cafe of
failure in the wind or tide, it will then be molt advifeable to anchor in
Baker’s bay, bringing its entrance to bear north, and keeping clofe
round the Cape breakers, where the depth of water is from t i to 9 and
6 fathoms, clofe to the Cape (hore. Within the Cape are three rocky
iflets in the Bay, the middle one being the largeft; juft on with the
Cape is the line o f dire&ion going in, or o u t; leading along the fouthern
fide of the fpit bank in deep water, and near this iflet, bringing the
Cape to bear between s. and s.E. is good anchorage, in 5 fathoms
water. The latitude is 46“ 19', longitude 236° 7', and the variation of
the compafs 20° eaftwardly. The greateft rife and fall- of the tide in
this Bay obferved by Mr. Baker was twelve feet; high water at full and
change at half pad one o’clock. Mr. Manby’s obfervations on board
L 2 the