22. P I N U S R U B R A .
NEWFOUNDLAND RED PINE.
P in u s r u b r a , foliis solitariis subulatis acuminatis, strobilis oblongis obtusis; squamis rotundatis subbilobis
margine integris.
P. Americana rubra, foliis solitariis subulatis, apice acuminatis, bifariam versis, conis ovalibus pendulis.
Wangenh. Beyt. f 5 . 1. l6. f 54.
Newfoundland red Spruce Fir. DuRoi. Harbk. ed. Pott. v. 2. 182.
FTabitat in America Septentrionali.
Floret Maio.
D ESCR IPT IO .
Prascedente humilior, cortice rubro-fusco. Folia acuminata. Amenta mascula nondum vidi matura:
fceminea ovata sessilia. Strobili ovato-cylindracei, unciales vel sesquiunciales, penduli, rubicundi,
lseves, squamis cuneatis, apice rotundatis, demum bilobis, margine integris.
T h e specimen represented in the plate was taken from a young tree in the gardens of Messrs.
Whately and Barrett, at Brompton, where it was planted by Mr. Thoburn, who took more pains in
the cultivating of Pines than any gardener of his time. The two full-grown cones at the bottom of the
plate are taken from fine specimens received from America by that able and well known gardener
Mr. Loddige of Ilackney. Wangenheim says that P. rubra grows only in the more northern parts of
America, and mostly in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. It is found in a moist cold soil, and never
attains a greater height than thirty feet. The barb is of a brownish red colour, smooth on the younger
branches and rough on the older. It is used for building fishing-boats, &c. &c. The leaves are not
much more than half an inch in length, awl-shaped and acute, but otherwise resembling those of the
former. These and the young sprouts are used for making Spruce Beer. It is said that the flowers
appear in Nova Scotia towards the end of May. The seed is smaller than that of P. sylvestris, and ripens
in November. It is contained in oval cones which are about one inch or more in length, blunt, and
of a reddish brown colour. They seem to differ from those of P. alba, in being rather thicker and the
scales of firmer texture. The scales have all a deep notch, and are longer than those of the preceding
species, as well as of a redder colour, which circumstances, added to the more diminutive size of the
tree, distinguish P. rubra at once, when it is seen growing with P. nigra. Resin runs in abundance out
of the scales when ripe, and overspreads them with a crust, which nature seems to have given by way
of protection against the coldness and humidity of the American winters.
There are a few trees of this species in the nursery at Brompton, but they are too young to produce