1*1* A P P EN D I X* with D o n g o la ; and here we learn that Z a gu a , is also in the same parallel with i t ; consequently, the whole 28 jo u rn ie s from D o n g o la , may be taken Oft the same westerly h e a r in g ; and the result will he, a distance o f 534 miles; differing only 10 from the interval on the map. Consequently, the Matthan o f Edrisi may be taken for the capital o f Bornou, pointed out by the above authority. T h e countries o f Z a g u a (o r Za gara ) and T a g u a , fill up the space between the kingdom o f Bo rn ou and N ub ia . T h e former appears to. be a small prov in c e , perhaps a dependency o f B o rn o u . T h e situation o f its capital is inferred above, to be eight jo u rn ie s to the east o f that o f B o rn o u . ,Tagua lies between Z a g u a and D on g o la , and its capital is 13 journies front Matthan, (p. 15 ) . Northward it extends to the tract o f A l W a b a t, the western p rovince o f U pp er E g yp t . T h u s , its position cannot be mistaken, T h e country o f K u k u (this must not be mistaken fo r K au g a ) lies to the N W o f T a g u a ; N E o f B o r n o u ; and jo in s on the N E to A l Waha t. T h is is an extensive coun try , bordering o n the D e s e r t o f L ib y a , and partakes o f its nature. Its capital o f the same name is situated at a o jo um ie s to the north o f K a u g a . I t is also 14 to. the .eastward o f Tamalma, which is it s e lf 12 to. the northward o f Matthan. H en ce K u k u m a y b e approximated, in p os ition. (E d r is i, page 13 , e t s e q .) A r iv e r runs from N to S b y K u k u , and is received into a la k e at a grea t distance from Kukh>; perhaps the lake o f K a u g a : and the riv e r itself may form, a part o f that, said to run. near A n g iro i,* o f which more in the. sequel, Ku a r , o r K aw a r , lie s to the northward o f K u k u and o f B o rn o u ; and. e x ten d s eastward to A l W aha t. It.is bounded on the north b y that extensive D e se r t which; separates E g y p t from F e zp a n ; and which contains the Wandering tribe o f L eb e ta o r L tv a ta ; as also v arious .O as s s , nr fertile islands; amongst the rest, those o f A u g e la , Be rd oa , Seewah, and that which con- *. Angina is a city eight days journey from Matthan,.six from Zagua; and-towards Nubia and the Niger; consequently to the SE of Matthan; arid apparently, not far to the northward of Kauga. ( Edrisi, p. 14. tained the temple o f Jupiter Ammon. T h is Desert I regard as thè proper Desert o f L i b y a : and it may be a question whether the tr ibe o f L ebe ta, although now found in the interior o f the country, may not : h av e originally inhabited the sea co a s t; and that the G r e e k s denominated A fr ic a from them * T h is Was the part o f A fr ic a the nearest, and first co lon iz ed b y the G r e e k s ; and it is a known fact, that the Adyrmacbidce, and' Nasamones, who, in the days o f Herodotus, inhabited rhe coasts, were at a succeeding period, found in the inland parts ab out Ammon and A u g e la . T h e capital o f K u a r is b y Edrisi p laced adjacent to F e z z a n ; but there is either some mistake in this, o r I do not comprehend the matter rightly, (E d . p. 39, 40.) Tamalma, a city ò f K u a r , is on ly 12 days from Matthan (p. 14.), so that the D eserf o f B ilm a , o r Bulm a, must lie between it and F e z zan . Mederam I sà, another o f its cities, is said to be only two days from Z u e la , or Z aw ila , a c ity o f F e z z a n ; and Iiieiy a third city ) is p lac ed in the same neighbourhood, and neat' a large lake . Either then; these cities b e lon g to F e z z a n , and are b y mistake classed as belonging to K u a r ; o r they really belong, as well as T ama lm a, (o f which there is no doubt) to K u a r . I am inclined to the latte r opinion, fo r the following reasons. In the catalogue o f p laces, in F e z z a n (in A f . A s so c .jth e r e is n o mention either o f I z e r , Isa, Bulinala, o r o f a lake near the former. B u t theré is a remarkable salt lake near D um b o o , on the northern frontier o f B o rn o u , which from its1 relative position to T ama lm a, may well be the one intended b y Edrisi : especially a s Bulmala, (p. 40.) which may be meant fo r B u lm a , o c cu r s in the same neighbourhood. T h e salt lakes o f D um b o o are said to 'b è situated in the Desert o f Bilma ; + which D e s e r t appears to be a p ro lon g a tio n o f the L ib y an Desert to the SW . * Mr. -Park mentions a wandering tribe named I.ibty, whom hè had seen ;m his travels. He compares them* .in respect of their habits and modes of-life,.to gipsies. + From the borders of these lakes, Kassina and other countries are supplied with salt, by the people of Agadez, who annually employ 1000 camels in this commerce. Af. Assoc. 1790, Q^p. 157, 167 ; and O. p. *36, a ji . There is reason to suspect, that the great salt lake of Dumboo, is the Cbtlonides Palm of Ptolemy,
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