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difference o f longitude o f ab out s ix degrees o n ly ; so that there is little question* but that M . D ’ A n v ille ’s statement is wrong. F rom Sennar, M r . B ru c e has a new and interesting route, northward to Syene. D o n g o la la y wide to the west o f this route ; and he has not informed us on what authority it is placed in his map. Still, h ow e v e r , the change in' the position o f the N ile , must carry D o n g o la to the eastward with it , o f co u r s e ; and in Bruce’s map it is found at 1° 18 ' diff. long, to the east o f D ’A n v ille ’s ; * equal to 7 3 G . miles. T h e la titude o f D o n g o la is also § a degree to the south o f the parallel assigned by D ’A n v ille , that is, i g j instead o f 200. W ith respect to that o f Sennar, D ’ A n v ille was right. In describing the western head o f the N ile (and which has no existence in M r . B ru c e ’s map), it may be thought that I have advanced into the regions o f con je c tu re ; but I trust that I have not gone beyond the limits implied b y the authorities. T o enter into a detail o f these, together with the deductions and combinations arising from them, w ould o c c u p y too much room here; e specia lly as they are designed for another place. I t may be sufficient to state, that the branch in question, ca lled the W h ite river, or A b ia d ,f is admitted b y M r . B ru c e himself, to be a more bulky stream than the Abyssinian branch. T h a t M . Ma illet was told, that it holds a course which is distant from 12 to 20 journ ies from the eastern branch. T h a t L edya rd was told at C a iro , b y certain persons from D u r fo o r , that the N ile has its fountains in their country situated 5 5 journ ies to the westward o f Sennar ;+ and whose fr o n tie r p rovince, Ko rdo fan, is p laced b y B ru c e , adjoining to the west o f the country o f Sennar. A n d finally, that Ptolemy , Edrisi, and A b u lfed a , all place the head o f the N ile in a quarter far remote from Abyssinia. Ptolemy , in particular, has- described the eastern source, in such a way, as that it cannot be taken for any other than the Ab y s sin ian branch ( i. e. Bruce’s N i le ) ; and yet he at the same * That is, M. D. places it 36 min. west o f Cairo^ Mr. B. 42 min. east of it. f This must not be confounded with the Neel Abeed, the name applied by the Arabs* to the Niger. \ See Mr. Ledyard’s communications in African Association, for 1790,— 91. He says 55 journies, or four or five hundred miles. There must, of course, be an error, either m the number o f the journies, or o f the miles. © time describes a larger, and more distant, source, to proceed from the S W ; answering to the W h ite river. His Coloe lake, is clearly the Tzana o f B r u c e . and may possibly have been meant to express G a lla > the name o f the southern division o f A byssinia.* H a v in g completed‘this part o f the subject, J proceed to the inland posi-. tions in the western and central parts o f the continent. M . D ’A n v ille has been fo llow ed in the geography o f Ba rb a ry and M o ro c co , with the exception o f an.adjustment o f the interior o f the latter, to the coasts: which are drawn from the charts in the atlas o f D o n T o fin o , in which the capes o f Cantin, Geer, See. are placed more to the east, in respect o f the strait, than in D ’A n v ille . T h e low e r parts o f the Senegal, Gambia, and R io G ran de , are from M . D ’A n v ille ’s, and D r ; Wadstrom’s maps. O f M r . P a rk ’s route and discoveries, it is needless to say more, than that the particular map which contains them, has been copied into th is ; forming a most important member o f it. T h e routes and positions formerly introduced from materials collected b y the A frican Asso ciation, in the northern part o f the continent, are revised and recons tructed; perhaps with more effect, as o u r knowledge and expe-' rience o f the sub jec t increases. F e z z a n is placed, as before, due south from Mesurata : its capital M o u r - zo u k , being 1 7^ jo u rn ie s o f the caravan, distant. Edrisi affords a^ lig h t ch e ck to the bearing, as well as to the distance, b y means o f W a d a n , which lids nearly midway, and is fiv e joufrnies west o f So rt, a known position on th e c o a s t : and1 also eight jo u rn ie s o f his scale from Z u e la , a known position in Fe fczan .f • Mr. Bruce has/alien, into an error, which may mislead, those who do not attend to his map. He says, Vol. iii. p. 720, that “ the ground declines southward from the parallel of five degrees north:” but'in the map at the end of Vol. v. the waters, as we have just said, begin to flow southward, from the latitude of 8° north. I believe, with him, that farther to the west, the Southern sldpe rtiay not begin short of the 5th degree of latitude., f The day’s journey o f Edrisi is taken at 18 Arabic miles, or about 19 G. in direct distance. Strictly speaking, it should be 19,0^, as 56^ Arabic miles are equal to a degree. h


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