_ *775- fifteen: the length, meafured from the tip o f the nofe to December. 7 0 . . j - n . t* the hindtnoft part o f the cranium, is in a direct line twenty-three inches, or fomething lefs than two feet. With a view to avoid being prolix in my defcription, I refer my readers to the figure annexed in Plate III. of this volume, whence they will be able readily to conceive the proportion, &c. of the other parts. It is on the fore part o f the os frontis that the lefier horn is fixed ; it will, therefore, probably, be eafily perceived from the annexed drawing, that the fagittal future is obliterated, and that the os occipitis is terminated by a flat furface, along which it goes flrait down in a perpendicular line to the condyloid pro- cefles, one of which is feen in the figure. The cavity in which the brain is contained, does not extend much farther forward than the offa bregmatis. The other bones by which it is encompafled are tolerably thick, fo that this huge animal has but a fmall brain in proportion to its fize; the cavity for containing this organ being barely fix inches long, and four high, and being of an oval fhape. In order to know the capacity o f if with the greater certainty, we filled it with peas, which we afterwards meafured, and found to amount barely to a quart. With a view to difcover the proportion between the brain o f the rhinoceros and that of a man, I likewife filled a middle fized human fcull with peas, and found that nearly three pints were requifite for this purpofe. On the other hand, the cavity of the nofe in the rhinoceros is of a cori- fiderable fize, which probably does not a little contribute to the quickrtefs o f this animal’s fcent. At leaft, phyfiolo- gifts ufe to explain the fuperiority of hounds in this particular, cular, from the circumftance of the tunica fcbneideriana, or De’^ !b'er. the nervous membrane appropriated to this fenfe, (whefl it is expanded and extricated from all the folds which it makes in the cavity of the nofe, with the greateft art contrived for this purpofe,) being fo extenfive as to cover the whole body of the animal; while on the other hand, this membrane, in the human fpecies, is capable o f covering only the head. Six denies molares only, or grinders, were obferved on .either fide of each jaw, belonging to the two oldeft of the rhinocerofes ihot by us, and five only in the leaft or youngeft, as the annexed drawing o f its cranium ihews; -yet quite back in the mouth we difcerned the marks of two more on each fide, the foremoft o f which had begun to ' make its appearance, but the hindmoft was almoft entirely included in its focket. Hence it follows, that an aged and full-grown rhinoceros has fourteen teeth in each jaw, in all twenty-eight. In the anterior part of the os palati, this animal appears to have a tooth-like procefs, which in the fcull that I brought home with me is loft. Confidering the diftance o f it from the lower jaw, it ihould feem that it can hardly ferve any purpofes o f a tooth. I have to thank M. P a l l a s for this piece o f intelligence; who, when I had tranfmit- ted to him this engraving, was fo good as to fend me the beautiful figures of the cranium of a. rhinoceros, tranfmitted -to him by M. C a m p e r for the ASi-a Petropolitana. The dotted lines drawn about the cranium, ihow pretty nearly the fituation o f the horns and lips. P a As
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